Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common clinical encounters during nephrology inpatient rounds. It is traditionally classified as pre-renal, intrarenal and postrenal categories. However, these terms are often confusing and not very helpful from diagnostic point of view. The frequently used simple and derived urinary ...

Despite progress in diabetes care and treatment, pregnancies in women with either type 1 or, type 2 DM are still associated with poorer outcomes with respect to healthy non diabetic women. Pregestational DM complicates 0.2 - 0.6% of pregnancies, 35% had type1 and 66% had type 2 DM. In contrast to GDM, pre GDM is more serious because the potential effects of uncontrolled glycemic levels begins a...

This paper introduces the idea of pre-searching a position—searching it before αβ determines that it needs to be searched. Consider the case where an iteration of αβ search comes across a position p that needs to be searched to depth d1, and the transposition table reveals that p will likely need to be searched later in that iteration to depth d2 greater than d1. Pre-searching involves speculat...

When attempts are made to interpret the solid-liquid transition in terms of molecular structure, highly significant information can emerge from phemomena of pre-melting and pre-freezing. Empirically, on approaching the transition between solid and liquid, characteristic parameters of the phase under examination may show an accelerated rate of change, in the sense of a premonition of the change ...

background preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality and morbidity. its prevalence varies between 10-25% among high-risk pregnant patients. objectives the aim of this study was to determine whether treatment with acetylsalicylic acid (asa) reduces the incidence of preeclampsia among pregnant women with abnormal uterine artery flow. patients and methods in this double-blind...

background: the exposure of cell lines to low-dose irradiation leads to changes at molecular level, which may induce adaptive response. we examined radio-adaptive doses effect on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (ht29) and human fetal fibroblasts (mrc5) cell line followed by hyper and hypo fractionation regimes, with main purpose to decrease cell viability in ht29, and at the same time...

the extent of popularity and circulation of a foreign language words inside a specific region can be considered as an evidence of mental, social and political impact of that foreign civilization and culture upon the people of that area. this paper deals with the influence and popularity of persian words in pre-islamic poetry. the wide range of this popularity in various fields emphasizes the re...

background: cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic pathogen transmissible from a variety of animals to humans and is a considerable public health concern. dairy cattle have been identified in numerous reports as a major source of environmen-tal contamination with this pathogen. the aim of study was to detect and isolate the cryptosporidium spp . from fecal samples of naturally infected pre-wean c...