There are two reasons why tropical weather is different from that at higher latitudes. The sun shines more directly on the tropics than on higher latitudes (at least in the average over a year). This makes the tropics warm. And, the vertical direction (up, as one stands on the earth’s surface) is perpendicular to the earth’s axis of rotation at the equator, while the two are the same at the pol...

Vesicular stomatitis (VS) outbreaks occurred in the southwestern United States of America in 1995, 1997 and 1998. The epidemiology of VS is not understood completely and some of the epidemiologic aspects of this disease are currently under investigation. In this study, daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature, daily mean temperature, daily mean relative humidity and daily total prec...

The first paper of this series (Roy, 1953) reported the presence of two distinct fractions exhibiting sulphatase activity in an aqueous extract of an acetone powder of ox liver, and gave preliminary data on the properties of the two crude enzymes, which were separated by fractional precipitation with acetone. The present paper describes the further purification and properties of fraction A, now...

[1] The influence of climate on the relief of mountain ranges has long been supposed but has received little quantitative investigation. The simplified system of a longitudinal river profile in a bedrock channel coupled to a physically based model of orographic precipitation is used to explore how orographically influenced patterns of precipitation affect the relief of fluvially sculpted mounta...

The depletion theory of nanoparticles immersed in a semidilute polymer solution is reinterpreted in terms of depleted chains of polymer segments. Limitations and extensions of mean-field and scaling theories are discussed. An explicit expression for the interaction between two small spheres is also reviewed. The depletion free energy for a particle of general shape is given in terms of the capa...

The Weather Channel (TWC) is a leading provider of weather information to the general public. In this paper the reliability of their probability of precipitation (PoP) forecasts over a 14-month period at 42 locations across the United States is verified. It is found that PoPs between 0.4 and 0.9 are well calibrated for near-term forecasts. However, overall TWC PoPs are biased toward precipitati...

Probability theory first reached its modern form in the work of Kolmogorov.1 Along with his famous axioms for unconditional probability, he gave a formula for calculating conditional probabilities. “If P (A) > 0, then the quotient PA(B) = P (AB) P (A) is defined to be the conditional probability of the event B under the condition A.”2 (Throughout this paper, I will use the more standard notatio...

The minfall over the Midwest from July 16-18, 1953 aroused the curiosity o€ all interested in the relationship between weather and the weather map. The fronts that are often invoked to explain the weather were absent. When rain occurs without the aid of fronts, as in this case, the meteorologist must seek other explanations of the phenomenon. This article presents an investigation of the possib...

In order to follow the turnover of (137)Cs in natural soils and estimate future trends in exposure of livestock, samples of natural surface soils were collected at 0-3 cm depth at 464 sites in 1995 and 463 sites in 2005 covering the country. In both cases the geographical pattern observed was similar to the original distribution from 1986, but the decline of (137)Cs activity in the surface soil...

Selective precipitation of proteins can be used as a bulk method to recover the majority of proteins from a crude lysate, as a selective method to fractionate a subset of proteins from a protein solution, or as a very specific method to recover a single protein of interest from a purification step. This unit describes a number of methods suitable for selective precipitation. In each of the prot...