We report on a nonthermal mechanism for counterion partitioning driven by dielectric contrasts in a charged system. This mechanism allows objects to remain charged even in very low dielectric mediums and at low temperatures, if a nearby high dielectric environment can host its counterions. This nonthermal counterion partitioning leads to an attractive counterion pressure that is usually much la...

The total volume of water on Earth is circa 300 million cubic miles, with close to 98.0% being salt water and the remaining 2.0% fresh water. It has been increasingly more challenging to harvest fresh water from surface water, seawater and even from wastewater due to the combination of factors, viz. burgeoning population growth, rapid industrialization and climate change. Recently, membrane dis...

The leather industry is characterized by the production of a huge amount wastewater with high organic/inorganic charge, causing widespread water and soil pollution. Pressure-driven membrane operations bioreactors have long been proven to be valid approach for treatment tanning wastewaters aimed at recovery raw materials as well removal toxic environmentally harmful substances. Such processes, o...

Sustainable mining and mineral processing is of paramount importance for producing metals needed our society development. Membrane processes are able to contribute the comprehensive extraction from mined ores, while at same time decrease amounts used water reagents ensure discharge environment wastewater meeting legislation requirements. Membranebased technologies still underused in obtaining a...

A palladium membrane was prepared using the electroless plating technique (ELP) for the separation and purification of hydrogen from a gas mixture. Depending on operating conditions, hydrogen flux from the membrane was in the range of 0.012-0.023 mol.m-2.s-1. The membrane performance in the presence of CO2 was investigated. The results of the GC analysis showed that at a feed concentration of 1...

purpose: to evaluate the effect of amniotic membrane transplantation in trabeculectomy. methods: the study was conducted on 25 eyes of 25 patients with advanced and medically uncontrolled glaucoma. all patients underwent trabeculectomy with a fornix based conjunctival flap, amniotic membrane was then placed under the scleral flap and fixed using 10-0 nylon suture. amniotic membrane was retrieve...

Humidification process is one of the applications of membrane contactor in which partial pressure of a vapor in the gas stream increases. In this study, two different polyethersulfone and polyetherimide hollow fiber membranes were fabricated and characterized by various test methods and their performance in humidification process under different operating conditions was investigated. The PES me...

output characteristics of fuel cells are affected by a large number of parameters such as geometry, dimensions, construction materials and conditions of supplying fluids. in this paper a mathematical model followed by a two-dimensional numerical approach has been presented to study the fuel cell parametrically. effect of oxygen concentration at gas diffusion layer entrance, temperature and pres...