I argue that to the extent to which philosophical theories of objective probability have offered theoretically adequate conceptions of objective probability (in connection with such desiderata as causal and explanatory significance, applicability to single cases, etc.), they have failed to satisfy a methodological standard roughly, a requirement to the effect that the conception offered be spec...

This paper surveys some of the recent results that have been obtained in fuzzy quantum probability theory. In this theory fuzzy events are represented by quantum effects and fuzzy random variables are represented by quantum measurements. Probabilities, conditional probabilities and sequential products of effects are discussed. The relationship between the law of total probability and compatibil...

This article presents an overview of some topics in operator probability theory. We do not strive for generality and only simple methods are employed. To give the reader a flavor of the subject we concentrate on the two most important topics, the law of large numbers and the central limit theorem.

Now we come to one of the most important and inspiring realizations of freeness. Up to now we have realized free random variables by generators of the free group factors or by creation and annihilation operators on full Fock spaces. This was not very surprising because our definition of freeness was modelled according to such situations. But there are objects from a quite different mathematical...

Unitary quantum theory, having no Born Rule, is non-probabilistic. Hence the notorious problem of reconciling it with the unpredictability and appearance of stochasticity in quantum measurements. Generalizing and improving upon the so-called 'decision-theoretic approach', I shall recast that problem in the recently proposed constructor theory of information-where quantum theory is represented a...

1 Sigma-Algebra: Describing measurable sets 6 1.1 Families of sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.1.1 Semiring of sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.1.2 Restricted algebras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1.1.3 Sigma Algebras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1.1.4 Binary Unions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.1...

At the 1988 workshop we called attention to the \Mind Projection Fallacy" which is present in all elds that use probability. Here we give a more complete discussion showing why probabilities need not correspond to physical causal innuences, or \propensities" aaecting mass phenomena. Probability theory is far more useful if we recognize that probabilities express fundamentally logical inferences...

1 Describing measurable sets 8 1.1 Families of sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.1.1 Semiring of sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.1.2 Restricted algebras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.1.3 Sigma Algebras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.1.4 Binary Unions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 1.1.5 Initial Sigm...

The mathematics of classical probability theory was subsumed into classical measure theory by Kolmogorov in 1933. Quantum theory as nonclassical probability theory was incorporated into the beginnings of noncommutative measure theory by von Neumann in the early thirties, as well. To precisely this end, von Neumann initiated the study of what are now called von Neumann algebras and, with Murray,...

GRW theory postulates a stochastic mechanism assuring that every so often the wave function of a quantum system is ‘hit’, which leaves it in a localised state. How are we to interpret the probabilities built into this mechanism? GRW theory is a firmly realist proposal and it is therefore clear that these probabilities are objective probabilities (i.e. chances). A discussion of the major theorie...