Abstract Background Task-specific checklists and global rating scales are both recommended assessment tools to provide constructive feedback on surgical performance. This study evaluated the most effective tool by comparing effects of Observational Clinical Human Reliability Analysis (OCHRA) Objective Structured Assessment Technical Skills (OSATS) performance in relation visual-spatial ability ...

An important reason for the continued popularity of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in the machine learning community is that the gradient-descent backpropagation procedure gives ANNs a locally optimal change procedure and, in addition, a framework for understanding the ANN learning performance. Genetic programming (GP) is also a successful evolutionary learning technique that provides powerf...

This paper reports on the use of machine learning systems for modeling existing engineering decision procedures. In this activity, various models of an existing decision procedure are constructed by using diierent machine learning systems as well as by changing their operational parameters and input. Individual models serve to focus on diierent aspects of the decision procedure and their combin...