We investigate the implications of collective and individual producer responsibility (CPR and IPR, respectively) models of product take-back laws for e-waste on manufacturers’ design for product recovery (DfR) choices and profits, and on consumer surplus in the presence of product competition. We show that IPR offers superior DfR incentives as compared to CPR, and provides a level competitive g...

kinetics of the chemical leaching of chalcocite from a low-grade copper ore in a ferric sulfate medium was investigated using the constrained least square optimization technique. the experiments were carried out for different particle sizes in both the reactor and column at constant eh, ph, and temperature. the leaching rate increased with increase in the temperature. about 50% of the cu recove...

This study aims to incorporate the information collected from the product’s usage phase into making appropriate end-of-use and end-of-life (EOU/L) recovery decisions (e.g., reuse, remanufacturing, recycling, refurbishing, disposal) for consumer electronics. The analyses are focused on discovering a mutual link between the actual product usage behavior of consumers and the future reusability of ...