The term 'visual adaptation' describes the processes by which the visual system alters its operating properties in response to changes in the environment. These continual adjustments in sensory processing are diagnostic as to the computational principles underlying the neural coding of information and can have profound consequences for our perceptual experience. New physiological and psychophys...

There are approximately 400,000 am­ putees in the United States. It has been estimated that approximately 50,000 new amputations are performed each year . 1 3 , 1 5 Most amputees are males in their early six­ ties, approximately 90 percent of the am­ putations involve the lower limb, and approximately two-thirds of lower limb amputations are necessitated by diabe­ tes mellitus and/or peripheral...

Building upon existing measures, four new brief acculturation scales are presented, measuring sociocultural adaptation, psychological adaptation, perceived cultural distance, and acculturation orientation. Following good scale reliability in initial samples, the English scales were translated into nine different languages (Chinese, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Spanish, Thai, a...

Human disturbance is an important stress factor with potentially strong impact on breeding activity in animals. The consequences can be extinction of the breeding population, because disturbed animals might desert their breeding area and find no suitable substitute area. In this study, we investigated the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on a breeding population of Mediterranean storm petre...

We believe it is important to do holistic, systematic study of intercultural adaptation. Our approach is based on the theoretical proposition of the multi-dimensional and functional organization of behavioral acts and human activities developed by A.I. Krupnov. It allows investigating not only separate aspects but the whole system, considering hierarchy and interaction of the components constit...

BACKGROUND Environmental stressors require the professional diver to undergo a complex process of psychophysiological adaptation in order to overcome the demands of an extreme environment and carry out effective and efficient work under water. The influence of cognitive and personality traits in predicting underwater performance and adaptation has been a common concern for diving psychology, an...

Adaptation is a ubiquitous neural and psychological phenomenon, with a wealth of instantiations and implications. Although a basic form of plasticity, it has, bar some notable exceptions, attracted computational theory of only one main variety. In this paper, we study adaptation from the perspective of factor analysis, a paradigmatic technique of unsupervised learning. We use factor analysis to...