BACKGROUND This case report describes two cases of extralobar pulmonary sequestration in adults with and without torsion/necrosis. CASE REPORTS Non-complicated extralobar pulmonary sequestration was found incidentally in a 50-year-old asymptomatic woman (Case 1), diagnosed with the presence of a branching structure in a mass lesion and blood supply from the right inferior phrenic artery. Anot...

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung is a rare but potentially lethal variety of congenital pulmonary defect. This is a multicystic mass of dysplastic pulmonary tissue in which there is proliferation of bronchial structure at the expense of alveoli. We report a newborn infant with respiratory distress. The chest X-ray showed multicystic lesions with air-fluid level and shift o...

Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical entity which occurs as a result of damage sustained by the alveoli which are the units ensuring gas exchange in the lungs and by the capillary bed surrounding them. It is the common result of direct or indirect damage to the alveolocapillary membrane rather than a disease. presenting with inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma. decrease...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)/usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), a chronic and incurable human respiratory disease, is not well established. This study was designed to investigate whether the apoptosis of type II pneumocytes could be the precipitating factor in the pathogenesis of IPF. METHODS Nineteen specimens obtained by retrospective review of th...

Hytrast, a new bronchographic medium of high iodine content, provides excellent radiographic contrast. A number of clinical, pathological, and experimental studies have revealed inflammatory changes after pulmonary retention of Hytrast. Examination of 43 unselected pneumonectomy specimens after Hytrast bronchography revealed typical crystals in 15 instances. The pulmonary reaction included macr...

Upon ligation of the left branch of the pulmonary artery in the dog, there is exposed to the gases in the alveoli of this side a capillary bed supplied solely by systemic arterial blood. In such a lung, blood from the bronchial arteries has been demonstrated to gain direct access to the capillaries of the alveoli through large pre-capillary anastomoses that develop with branches of the pulmonar...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been increasingly used for imaging pulmonary alveoli. Only a few studies, however, have quantified individual alveolar areas, and the validity of alveolar volumes represented within OCT images has not been shown. To validate quantitative measurements of alveoli from OCT images, we compared the cross-sectional area, perimeter, volume, and surface area of ma...

This study concerns the pathological changes found in the lungs of 55 newborn infants with hyaline membrane disease (HMD). The accepted appearances are a widespread resorption of air with collapse of many alveolar ducts and most alveoli, producing a severe atelectasis. The alveolar ducts and alveoli that remain open are distended and lined by a variable amount of homogeneous acidophilic materia...

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a rare disease characterized by the deposition of calcium phosphate within the alveoli. We report the case of a 20-year-old man with a 6-week history of cough and shortness of breath on exertion. The chest radiograph demonstrated a bilateral symmetrical micronodular pattern. High-resolution computed tomography revealed bilateral diffuse fine nodular shadowin...

Pulmonary hypoplasia is a rare but usually lethal disease. We report a full-term male neonate who presented with respiratory failure immediately after birth. Chest X-ray revealed a small lung volume despite advanced ventilator support. Respiratory failure persisted and this baby died at 40.5 hours of age. The autopsy showed a lung-to-birth weight ratio of 0.69% and a radial alveoli count of 2.9...