We study the crustacean stomatogastric nervous system to gain insight in the interaction of oscillators of different intrinsic frequencies. We show how fast inhibition from the pyloric network interacts with a slow modulatory input to control the frequency of the gastric mill rhythm. We deduce that the timing of the pyloric input is crucial in determining what effect it will have on the frequen...

Fifty-six surgical specimens with various ulcerative intestinal disorders were microscopically investigated for evidence of gastric gland metaplasia. Thiry-one specimens (55-4%) showed pyloric gland metaplasia. Among the 31 patients with pyloric gland metaplasia, five showed true gastric metaplasia, consisting of parietal cells, chief cells, and mucous neck cells. The percentage of true gastric...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, in adults, is a rare disease. Partial gastrectomy, gastroenterostomy, pyloromyotomy, pyloroplasty and endoscopic dilatation have all been recommended with variable results. A 54-year-old white female is presented with the onset of symptoms of idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis one year prior to operation. Two endoscopic p...

We conducted a clinicopathological study of cases of gastric carcinoma with pyloric stenosis and examined treatment outcomes and the prognosis of cases of stage IV gastric carcinoma with pyloric stenosis and the validity of gastrectomy as palliative surgery in these cases. The outcomes of 49 surgeries for gastric carcinoma with pyloric stenosis were compared with those of 671 surgeries for gast...

OBJECTIVES We sought to determine whether the performance of pyloric exclusion during repair of penetrating advanced duodenal injuries prevents postoperative duodenal fistulas and improves clinical outcome. METHODS A retrospective chart review of patients from 1995 to 2004 with penetrating duodenal injuries >or=grade II and all combined pancreaticoduodenal injuries was performed. Patients man...

Reliability and variability of neuronal activity are both thought to be important for the proper function of neuronal networks. The crustacean pyloric rhythm (∼1 Hz) is driven by a group of pacemaker neurons (AB/PD) that inhibit and burst out of phase with all follower pyloric neurons. The only known chemical synaptic feedback to the pacemakers is an inhibitory synapse from the follower lateral...

OBJECTIVE To assess the link between very early erythromycin exposure and pyloric stenosis in young infants. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Medicaid or TennCare (Tennessee's program for Medicaid enrollees and uninsured individuals) births in Tennessee from 1985 to 1997. Cases of infants with a hospital discharge diagnosis of pyloric stenosis and an associated su...

Gastric antrum ulcerations are common disorders occurring in humans and animals. Such localization of ulcers disturbs the gastric emptying process, which is precisely controlled by the pylorus. Galanin (Gal) and its receptors are commonly accepted to participate in the regulation of inflammatory processes and neuronal plasticity. Their role in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility is also...

The effects of different macronutrients on appetite and pyloric motility and the impact of short-term dietary glucose supplementation on these responses were evaluated. Ten males (aged 19-38 yr) received isocaloric (2.9 kcal/min) intraduodenal infusions of glucose and lipid while antropyloroduodenal motility and appetite were assessed by manometry and visual analog scales, respectively. Effects...

The relation between pyloric motor activity, opening, and closure was examined in eight healthy men. Manometry was performed with an assembly combining 13 side holes and a sleeve sensor positioned astride the pylorus. Simultaneous with manometry, pyloric opening and closure and antroduodenal contractions were observed fluoroscopically with the antrum filled with barium. During intraduodenal nor...