Sir, The use of antibiotics in aquaculture production has been associated with the isolation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in fish as well as pollution of the fish farm environment. Previously, 25 tetracycline-resistant bacteria isolated from four freshwater Chilean salmon farms were characterized. Fifteen of the isolates carried one of seven different tetracycline (tet) genes [tet(A), tet(B...

his study attempts to examine the empirical relationship between gasoline taxes (as the most effective energy carrier of emissions) and labor productivities in the case of Iran using the time series data for the period 1990-2015  usingthe autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach. This research tests the interrelationship between the variables using the bounds testing to cointegration proc...

This article studies the spatial dimension of social selection local elected officials that takes shape through geographical selectivity officials’ places residence. Based on data residence in Zurich and Lausanne (1980-2016), we show residential dispersion is not random but driven by a logic class socio-spatial selectivity. We also this varies according to partisan affiliation existence or elec...

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of the Mexican Clean Industry Program, in which firms participate voluntarily if they are willing to meet the pollution emissions legal standards in exchange for a Clean Industry Certificate. It first develops a simple model with two groups of players, firms and the authorities. Firms can choose to be in compliance, non compliance or participate in the pro...