BACKGROUND Arm nonuse, defined as the difference between what the individual can do when constrained to use the paretic arm and what the individual does when given a free choice to use either arm, has not yet been quantified in individuals poststroke. OBJECTIVES (1) To quantify nonuse poststroke and (2) to develop and test a novel, simple, objective, reliable, and valid instrument, the Bilate...

BACKGROUND Falls and related injuries are common health problems in the elderly. Fractures, brain and internal organ injuries and death are the common consequences of the falls, which result in dependence, decreased self-efficacy, fear of falling, depression, restricted daily activities, hospitalization and admission to the nursing home and impose costs on the individual and the society. OBJE...

BACKGROUND The identification of the risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) is the first step in designing effective preventive interventions. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between individual, organizational, physical, and psychological factors and upper extremity MSDs (i.e., shoulder, elbow and hand/wrist). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, the stu...

Abstract. By considering the increasing trend in water consumption and significant reduction of resources most countries world, groundwater have become very important. The Target this study is to implement machine learning models produce a potential map (GWPM), identify areas with higher potential, also influencing factors. Therefore, two algorithms including random forest (RF) support vector r...

The vitality and utility of a network are affected significantly by the network management system (NMS) that is used to administer and monitor the network. However, models that can characterize the quality of a NMS are generally missing in the literature. In this paper, we introduce the concept of quality of monitoring (QoM), provide a mathematical formulation based on stochastic processes that...

human settlements experience continual change. in recent years, many rural areas have experienced dispersed grow (rural sprawl) and population declines in traditional village centers (hollowing). these paradoxical phenomena have occurred in most developing countries, including rural iran. this study examines this phenomena in three iranian villages of kahak area of qom province, and develops a ...