What will the cities of future be like? This is a question that does not have an unequivocal response. The developed by people who been born yet or are devoted to shaping urban planning policy and markets. Furthermore, these created thanks knowledge exist today. All we can do try draw along general (alternative) guidelines according which those might constructed consequences every alternative. ...

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t JEL classification: H77 H11 H71 R11 R58 Keywords: Fiscal federalism State and local taxation Intergovernmental relations Revenue First generation fiscal federalism (FGFF) studies the performance of decentralized systems under the assumption of benevolent social planners. Second generation fiscal federalism (SGFF) studies performance based on the fiscal and ...

Unniappan S, Kieffer TJ. Leptin extends the anorectic effects of chronic PYY(3-36) administration in ad libitum-fed rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 295: R51–R58, 2008. First published April 16, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00234.2007.—Acute administration of peptide YY(3-36) [PYY(3-36)] results in a reduction in food intake in several different vertebrates. However, long-term continuo...

近年個々の遺伝子異常に応じて最適な治療を選択する「精密がん医療」の提供が強く求められている。本邦では2018年に包括的がんゲノムプロファイリング機能をもつがん遺伝子パネル検査の運用が開始された。当科の2症例を提示し，本検査の実際と課題について文献的内容を加え考察する。 標準治療の終了が予想される79歳女性の右側下顎歯肉癌患者と73歳男性の左側下顎歯肉悪性黒色腫患者に対してNCCオンコパネルテストをした。前者はTP53（R282W）とCDKN2A（R58＊）に体細胞遺伝子変異が検出されたが，後者は検出されなかった。両者とも生殖細胞系列に遺伝子変異は検出されなかった。腫瘍遺伝子変異量は1.6と6.2Mus/Mbであり，ともにマイクロサテライト不安定性は陰性であった。検査結果をもとにエキスパートパネルを開催したが，両者とも推奨できる治療法はなかった。 今後は従来の臓器特異的な治療に加え，臓...

T he political influence Coefficient as a power of influence and political elite lobbying (the power rents) of each region in the decision-making and national budget allocations centers is a new word through which the present article, after introducing it, is able to rank the provinces in the tenth state using the multi-criteria decision-making models (MCDM). This issue is important ...

This paper evaluates the impact of Round I of the federal urban Empowerment Zone (EZ) program on neighborhood level labor and housing market outcomes over the period 1994-2000. Using four decades of Census data in conjunction with information on the proposed boundaries of rejected EZs, we find that neighborhoods receiving EZ designation experienced substantial improvements in labor market condi...

This paper evaluates the impact of Round I of the federal urban Empowerment Zone (EZ) program on neighborhood level labor and housing market outcomes over the period 1994-2000. Using four decades of Census data in conjunction with information on the proposed boundaries of rejected EZs, we find that neighborhoods receiving EZ designation experienced substantial improvements in labor market condi...