Introduction Fluoroscopicallyand computed tomography (CT)-guided diagnostic and interventional procedures are being performed with increasing frequency worldwide. From 1980 to 2007, annual performance of CT in the U.S. increased from 3 million to 80 million. With this rapid increase in the use of imaging techniques, there has been a concurrent increase in patient exposure to ionizing radiation....

Genitourinary structures are at risk of injury during colorectal surgery. The incidence of injury is low; however, the risk is higher in cases involving severe inflammatory or infectious processes, locally advanced or recurrent cancer, previous radiation, and reoperation. Consideration of the anatomical relationship between the genitourinary system, and the colon and rectum is crucial to avoid ...

BACKGROUND Computed tomographic (CT) head scanning of blunt trauma patients is expensive, delays care, and necessitates radiation exposure, while detecting intracranial injuries in a minority of patients. Clinical characteristics may be able reliably identify patients who do not have intracranial injuries and consequently, do no require imaging. METHODS Physicians assessed blunt trauma patien...

Large-scale radiation accidents are few in number, but those that have occurred have subsequently led to strict regulation in most countries. Here, different accident scenarios involving exposure to radiation have been reviewed. A triage of injured persons has been summarized and guidance on management has been provided in accordance with the early symptoms. Types of casualty to be expected in ...