High latitude agriculture is rainfed. Climate change could, however, increase water deficiency and initiate a call for development of irrigation systems as a part of field water management systems. This study aimed to develop a basic understanding about the current state of irrigation potential according to region by monitoring proximity of fields to waterways and characterizing their general c...

It is well known that rivers connect upstream and downstream ecosystems within watersheds. Here we describe the concept of precipitationsheds to show how upwind terrestrial evaporation source areas contribute moisture for precipitation to downwind sink regions. We illustrate the importance of upwind land cover in precipitationsheds to sustain precipitation in critically water stressed downwind ...

The success of the Green Revolution in closing the gap between world population and food production was principally achieved by increasing crop productivity in favorable areas. However, this success has been limited in the rainfed systems, which are prone to frequent droughts and other abiotic stresses. Worldwide, drought affects approximately 23 million hectares of rainfed rice. Varieties comb...

This paper presents results of a plot-scale field experiment aiming at the comparative evaluation of agricultural practices and agricultural systems as far as their performance in very-low-rainfall conditions is concerned. Wheat was seeded after common vetch, treated in three different ways, after fallow or after the incorporation of dried sewage sludge or straw. Grain and straw yields and grai...

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is an important legume crop grown under rainfed agriculture in India. It’s economic success relies on symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) with root nodulating bacterium Mesorhizobium ciceri. These bacteria regularly interact with other rhizospheric microorganisms as well as host endophytic microorganisms. The endophytic bacteria reside latently or colonize the plant tis...

Global water scarcity is becoming a constraint for human development. Therefore there is a need to enhance water productivity of the irrigated and rainfed agriculture to meet the increasing food demand due to the population growth. This paper describes modeling efforts to assess present and future water needs for food, people and environment. This exercise is being carried out by the Internatio...

In many low-income countries, agriculture is mostly rainfed and crop yield highly depends on climatic factors. Furthermore, farmers have little access to traditional crop insurance, which suffers from high information asymmetry and transaction costs. Insurances based on meteorological indices could fill this gap since they do not face such drawbacks. However full-scale implementation has been s...

The western region of Somaliland is prone to climate change and variability due the widespread use rainfed agriculture, which has been practice historically since colonization era; however, this mode livelihood losing its significance change. This research aims examine impact elements’ trends (rainfall temperature) on agriculture communities how these changes affect community. specific objectiv...

Push-pull technology improves agricultural productivity. However, its long-term effect on biomass carbon and soil organic (SOC) is not yet known. The aims of this study were: to assess the push-pull (1) (2) SOC, considering climatic conditions length time that had been practiced a farm; (3) establish relationship between SOC farms. Aboveground were measured 36 farms in western Kenya, encompassi...