Direct observations of vortex structure only appear recently; in this essay we will examine these first observations. And then introduce experiments and theory about the dynamics of vortex core; meanwhile we will propose the principle of chirality conservation in vortex; and with this idea we present another explanation in Bussmann’s experimental results. Finally, reveal the high possible appli...

We study an evolution problem in the space of continuous loops in threedimensional Euclidean space modelled upon the dynamics of vortex lines in 3d incompressible and inviscid fluids. We establish existence of a local solution starting from Hölder regular loops with index greater than 1/3. When the Hölder regularity of the initial condition X is smaller or equal 1/2 we require X to be a rough p...

A new numerical method to calculate exact ground states of multifluxline systems with quenched disorder is presented, which is based on the minimum cost flow algorithm from combinatorial optimization. We discuss several models that can be studied with this method including their specific implementations, physically relevant observables and results: (1) The N-line model with N fluxlines (or dire...

The vortex free energy is studied in the random vortex world-surface model of the in-frared sector of SU (3) Yang-Mills theory. The free energy of a center vortex extending into two spatial directions, which is introduced into Yang-Mills configurations when acting with the 't Hooft loop operator, is verified to furnish an order parameter for the deconfinement phase transition. It is shown to ex...

In recent years a lot of effort has been put into testing and improving the idea of a three-beam interferometer known as Optical Vortex Interferometer (OVI). Devices based on the idea of an OVI allow, among other things, measuring small rotation angles of the wave [1]. In this paper complex statistical analysis has been used for the results of the small-angle rotation wave measuring method. The...

An experimental determination of the mean vortex velocity in superconductors mostly relies on the measurement of flux-flow resistance with magnetic field, temperature, or driving current. In the present work we introduce a method combining conventional transport measurements and a frequency-tuned flashing pinning potential to obtain reliable estimates of the vortex velocity. The proposed device...