In rodents, the Ras-specific guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (Ras-GRF) is expressed in different areas of the brain and, at a reduced level, also in the spinal cord. No expression of the 140 kDa Ras-GRF was detected in dorsal root ganglia and all other tissues tested. Analysis of primary cultures derived from brain reveals that this exchange factor is only present in neurons of the central n...

Recent literature supports the importance of horizontal ground reaction force (GRF) production for sprint acceleration performance. Modeling and clinical studies have shown that the hip extensors are very likely contributors to sprint acceleration performance. We experimentally tested the role of the hip extensors in horizontal GRF production during short, maximal, treadmill sprint acceleration...

Wearable sensors for gait analysis are attracting wide interest. In this paper, a wearable ground reaction force (GRF) sensor system and its application to measure extrinsic gait variability are presented. To validate the GRF and centre of pressure (CoP) measurements of the sensor system and examine the effectiveness of the proposed method for gait analysis, we conducted an experimental study o...

Abnormal subtalar joint function and the consequent rotation of the tibia during walking are thought to contribute to patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). The purpose of this study was to measure rearfoot and tibia motion, and the ground reaction force (GRF) during the stance phase of walking in subjects with PFPS and compare them to healthy subjects. A four camera motion analysis system with a...

Ground reaction forces (GRF) reflect the force history of human body contact with the ground. The purpose of this study was to explore human gait abnormalities due to planovalgus by comparing vertical GRF data between individuals with planovalgus and those with neutrally aligned feet. Second we estimated associations between various measurements and vertical GRF parameters in a pediatric popula...

Handheld load has been reported to enhance horizontal jump performance, however little is known about its influence on ground reaction forces (GRF), especially in female athletes. This study investigated the effects of individualized optimal handheld loading on the technical and physical ability to apply GRF during horizontal jumping in female netball players. Maximal effort, single standing, h...

The purpose of this study was to compare muscle force contributions ankle joint compression and anteroposterior shear forces between people with chronic instability (CAI) healthy controls (CON) during an unanticipated cutting task. Eleven CAI 11 CON performed task as three-dimensional motion capture, ground reaction (GRF), activation data were collected. A musculoskeletal modeling used calculat...

The Gibbs random field (GRF) has been proved to be a simple and practical way of parameterizing the Markov random field (MRF) which has been widely used to model an image or image related process in many image processing applications. In particular, Gibbs random field can be employed to construct an efficient Bayesian estimation that often yields optimal results. In this paper, we describe how ...

The effect of intravenous infusion of acetate, propionate and butyrate (0, 3, 10, 30 μmol kg-' min-1 over 40 min) on the secretion of growth hormone (GH), insulin and glucagon in response to growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) injection (0.25 μg/kg, 10 min after the onset of acid infusion) was determined in six sheep. The intravenous injection of GRF caused a marked increase in plasma GH at e...