Studies of multiple steady states in continuous-flow stirred tank reactors (CSTR) typically depend on the systematic variation of reactor residence time or some other system constraint such as reactant concentration. The concentration of an intermediate species is usually monitored as a function of time at a particular residence time until a steady state is established; the flow rate is then ch...

Abstract This paper presents the nonlinear dynamic analysis of an ideal two-reactant-two product reactive distillation. The impact of disturbance magnitudes and directions on openloop stability of the system is studied. An analysis of the physicochemical phenomena present in reactive distillation processes that, under certain operational conditions, causes special types of nonlinear behavior is...

Ahstrati-A one-dimensional, two-phase axially dispersed plug flow model has been developed to describe the steady-state performance of a relatively new type of reactor, the gas-solid trickle flow reactor (GSTFR). In this reactor, an upward-flowing gas phase is contacted with a downward-flowing dilute solids phase over an inert packing. The model is derived from the separate mass and heat balanc...

The properties of nanoparticles and the performance of products made with nano-sized precursors significantly depend on the shape of the particle size distribution (PSD) or more precisely the broadness of the PSD, the modality and of course the specific particle sizes covered by the PSD. Especially the controlled adjustment of particle size is of interest due to the size-dependent physical and ...

To perform on-line monitoring of the absolute weight-averaged mass, Mw, of the polymers produced in a polymerization reaction, refractometer (RI), ultraviolet absorbance (UV), and time-dependent static light scattering (TDSLS) detectors were placed in series, and a diluted stream of reactant solution was made to flow through them. The technique allows rapid determination of time-dependent react...

The pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase from Propionibacterium freudenreichii is rapidly inactivated by low concentrations of pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP). The inactivation is first order with respect to PLP and the rate increases linearly with PLP concentrations suggesting that over the concentration range used no significant E-PLP complex accumulates during inactivation. The rate of i...

Experimental results have shown that the kinetics of bond formation in chemical cross-linking of gelatin solutions are strongly affected not only by gelatin and reactant concentrations but also by the solution pH. We present an extended numerical investigation of the phase diagram and of the kinetics of bond formation as a function of the pH, via Monte Carlo simulations of a lattice model for g...

We demonstrate that for quantum dot (QD) based electrochemiluminescence (ECL), the commonly used co-reactant does not perform as effectively as potassium persulfate. By exploiting this small change in co-reactant, ECL intensity can be enhanced dramatically in a cathodic-based ECL system. However, TPA remains the preferential co-reactant-based system for anodic ECL. This phenomenon can be ration...