The debate on scientific realism results from a tension between the empiricist methodology, which is defining feature of science, and claims to effect that science can unveil fundamental nature reality. What distinguishes realist anti-realist positions not necessarily former take knowledge “at face value” or side scientists in general while latter do not. Rather, realists anti-realists propose ...

The Atlantic Realists: Empire and International Political Thought between Germany the United States. By Matthew Specter. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2022. 336p. 30.00 paper. - Volume 20 Issue 4

John Hare has proposed “prescriptive realism” in an attempt to stake out a middle-ground position in the twentieth century Anglo-American debates concerning metaethics between substantive moral realists and antirealistexpressivists. The account is supposed to preserve both the normativity and objectivity of moral judgments. Hare defends a version of divine command theory. The proposal succeeds ...

Modal realists should fashion their theory by postulating and taking seriously the modal equivalent of tense, or modal tense. This will give them a uniform way to respond to five different objections, one each by Skyrms, Quine, and Peacocke, and two by van Inwagen, and suggest a non-Lewisian path to modal realism. 0. Introduction The extensive parallel between temporal logic and modal logic has...

Standard interpretations of Kant’s transcendental idealism take it as a 1 commitment to the view that the objects of cognition are structured or made by con2 ditions imposed by the mind, and therefore to what Van Cleve calls “honest-to-God 3 idealism”. Against this view, many more recent investigations of Kant’s theory of rep4 resentation and cognitive significance have been able to show that K...

Finally, the pictures warrant comment since an excellent book on histopathology without excellent pictures is a contradiction in terms. In an ideal world all microscopic pictures would be in color. In this world, all the pictures in this volume are black and white. However, the pictures have clearly been well selected for their quality, which is quite good, and they more than adequately complem...

Critical Realism (CR) states that knowledge (epistemology) is different from being or existence (ontology). There is a reality (unobservable structures) which exists independent of human thought. Critical realists believe that these unobservable structures cause observable events. Therefore, the social world can be understood only if people understand the structures that generate events. This i...