Studies suggest that anterior beams with in vivo range verification would improve rectal dosimetry in proton therapy for prostate cancer. We investigated whether prostate-rectum spacers would enhance or diminish the benefits of anterior proton beams in these treatments. Twenty milliliters of hydrogel was injected between the prostate and rectum of a cadaver using a transperineal approach. Compu...

High-dose-rate endorectal brachytherapy (HDREBT) is an image guided brachytherapy treatment for patients with rectal cancer. It is based on tumor imaging with magnetic resonance in particular, which is used to choose eligible patients and improve tumor visualization. Treatment planning is performed using 3D CT simulation and treatment planning. The treatment is given on an outpatient basis and ...

We adapted the deformable image registration (DIR) technique to accurately calculate the cumulative intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) rectal dose for treating uterine cervical cancer. A total of 14 patients with primary cervical cancer radically treated with ICRT and EBRT were analysed using the Velocity AI(TM) software. Computed tomography (CT) images wer...

Figure shows the absolute change in the Dmean for the anal sphincter (left y-axis) and relative change in the V64Gy for the rectal wall (right y-axis) expressed as a function of the relative increase in the homogeneity index HI of the dose distribution in the PTV. Conclusions: By increasing the inhomogeneity of the targeted dose to the PTV in prostate RT plans the dose delivered to the rectal w...

Objectives: Although paracetamol is a widely accepted and safe analgesic, guidelines regarding its definite analgesic dose are lacking. This study was, therefore, undertaken to compare the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol when administered by two routes, viz, intramuscular and rectal, in children undergoing minor surgery. Design: Randomized, controlled, assessor-blind, comparative clinical trial...

PURPOSE To report the results of dosimetric comparison between intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) using Tomotherapy and four-box field conformal radiotherapy (CRT) for pelvic irradiation of locally advanced rectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who received a short course preoperative chemoradiotherapy (25 Gy in 5 fractions) on the pelvi...

The aim of this study was to observe the relationship between dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters and rectal late side effects (LSE) in computed tomography (CT)-based brachytherapy (BT) for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. In total, 144 cervical cancer patients received external beam radiotherapy and CT-based BT. The data from 111 survival cases with pelvic local control (LC) ...

This study evaluated the efficacy of computed tomography (CT)-based three-dimensional (3D) dose-volume parameters of the rectum as predictor for late rectal complication (LRC) in cervical cancer patients treated with radiotherapy alone. Eighty-four patients treated with a combination of external radiotherapy and high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy between January 2000 and December 2004 w...

A histopathological survey of surgical materials from 143 patients with rectal carcinoma subjected to chemotherapy and low-dose radiotherapy with tegafur and bleomycin was carried out. The chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy brought about better results than chemotherapy alone. In 4 of the 58 patients treated with radiochemotherapy, no cancer cells could be found in surgical specimens. Exfo...

We compared the prostate volumes and rectal doses calculated by CT and CT-MRI fusion, and verified the usefulness of CT-MRI fusion in three-dimensional (3D) radiotherapy planning for localized prostate cancer. Three observers contoured the prostate and rectum of 13 patients with CT and CT-MRI fusion. Prostate delineations were classified into three sub-parts, and the volumes and distances to th...