We demonstrate a novel glucose sensor based on an optical fiber grating with an excessively tilted index fringe structure and its surface modified by glucose oxidase (GOD). The aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) was utilized as binding site for the subsequent GOD immobilization. Confocal microscopy and fluorescence microscope were used to provide the assessment of the effectiveness in modifying...

Real-time in vivo imaging of the microvasculature may help both earlier clinical detection of disease and the understanding of tumor-host interaction at various stages of progression. In vivo confocal and multiphoton microscopy is often hampered by bulky optics setup and has limited access to internal organs. A fiber-optic setup avoids these limitations and offers great user maneuverability. We...

Total creatine (Cr(total) = phosphocreatine + creatine) concentrations differ substantially among mammalian skeletal muscle. Because the primary means to add Cr(total) to muscle is uptake of creatine through the sodium-dependent creatine transporter (CrT), differences in creatine uptake and CrT expression could account for the variations in [Cr(total)] among muscle fiber types. To test this hyp...

A new methodology has been demonstrated for ultratrace detection of Hg(2+), working at the limit of a few tens of metal ions. Bright, red luminescent atomically precise gold clusters, Au@BSA (BSA, bovine serum albumin), coated on Nylon-6 nanofibers were used for these measurements. A green emitting fluorophore, FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate), whose luminescence is insensitive to Hg(2+) was p...

The distribution and characterization of the fibers of normal and denervated red and white muscles of the albino rat are reported in this study. Histochemical procedures for succinic dehydrogenase, lipides, adenosinetriphosphatase, esterase, and glycogen were utilized to differentiate muscle fibers, and these methods facilitated the study of the distribution of fiber types within whole muscle. ...

This work describes a new approach to the delivery of light in deeper tissues, through a silk filament that is implantable, biocompatible, and biodegradable. In the present work, silkworm gut fibers (SGFs) of Bombyx mori L., are made by stretching the silk glands. Morphological, structural, and optical properties of the fibers have been characterized and the stimulatory effect of red laser ligh...

The Z disk ultrastructure of white, intermediate, and red fibers from mammalian muscle is examined. Three models are proposed that explain the differences between the three types of Z disk. The three models are all based on the same concept, i.e., looping filaments from both sides of the Z disk. The differences between the models are in terms of the spatial relationships of adjacent loops withi...

PURPOSE To compare the ability of scanning laser polarimetry with variable corneal compensation (GDx-VCC) and Stratus optical coherence tomography (OCT) to detect photographic retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects. METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study included 45 eyes of 45 consecutive glaucoma patients with RNFL defects in red-free fundus photographs. The superior and inferior...

Long period grating was UV inscribed into a multicore fiber consisting of 120 single mode cores. The multicore fiber that hosts the grating was fusion spliced into a single mode fiber at both ends. The splice creates a taper transition between the two types of fiber that produces a nonadiabatic mode evolution; this results in the illumination of all the modes in the multicore fiber. The spectra...