Sea-surface discolorations due to high concentrations of phytoplankton are called red tides. Their ecological significance is a long standing puzzle, and they are sometimes considered pathological. Here we propose that many red tides, particularly but not exclusively those comprised of certain autotrophic dinoflagellates, are presexual/sexual swarms, essential links in their complex life cycles...

admission of ignorance and the admission of uncertainty that there is a hope for the continuous motion of human beings in some direction that doesn't get confined, permanently blocked, as it has so many times before in various periods in the history of man.

Carbon acquisition was investigated in three marine bloom-forming dinollagellates-Prorocentrum minimum, Heterocapsa triquetra and Ceratium lineatum. In vivo activities of extracellular and intracellular carbonic anhydrase (CA), photosynthetic O2 evolution, CO2 and HCO3- uptake rates were measured by membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) in cells acclimated to low pH (8.0) and high pH (8.5 or ...

We investigated feeding of natural populations of red-tide algae, heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNFs), and ciliates (<30 μm in cell length) on natural populations of marine bacteria (mostly heterotrophic bacteria) in diverse Korean waters (Masan Bay, Jinhae Bay, Shiwha Bay, Keum River estuary, and the open coastal waters off Yeosu) during red tides in 2004 to 2005. To explore the functional re...

Investigators conducting a decade-long study into how Florida's " red tide " algal blooms affect human health have discovered several compounds that counteract the toxins produced by the red tide dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis. In an intriguing twist, they are now developing one of these compounds, breve-nal, as a potential treatment for cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary di...