Solar sailing is a proposed means of space propulsion in which a reflective surface collects momentum from solar photons to accelerate a vehicle. The current trend within the solar sailing community is to increase sail size as solar sailing technologies advance, allowing for larger payloads and higher accelerations. However, with the miniaturization of modern payloads, sail sizes can be dramati...

This paper investigates a class of Lagrangian control systems with n degrees-offreedom (DOF) and n − 1 actuators, assuming that n − 1 virtual holonomic constraints have been enforced via feedback, and a basic regularity condition holds. The reduced dynamics of such systems are described by a second-order unforced differential equation. We present necessary and sufficient conditions under which ...

There are methods to increase fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency through optical sensor-based nitrogen application; however, the sensors are expensive and cost prohibitive to farmers in the developing world. This study evaluated a novel, reduced cost, prototype, and optical sensor to determine if it could be used with the same level of accuracy as a commercial sensor. The stability of the proto...

Global connectivity cannot be guaranteed by terrestrial networks due to the lack of infrastructure in rural areas. Neither can satellite networks assure this due to lack of signal penetration and capacity coverage issues in densely populated areas. To bridge this gap, we propose an Orthogonal Frequency Domain (OFDM) based hybrid architecture where users are provided service by existing mobile n...

In this paper, we propose an effective search procedure that interleaves two steps: subproblem generation and subproblem solution. We mainly focus on the first part. It consists of a variable domain value ranking based on reduced costs. Exploiting the ranking, we generate, in a Limited Discrepancy Search tree, the most promising subproblems first. An interesting result is that reduced costs pro...

J.S. Neubauer 1 20 Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites The vast foreseeable benefits of on-orbit servicing to current and future space systems have sparked the development of both large-scale servicing spacecraft and small-scale technology demonstration platforms. The latter provide the ability to prove certain crucial technologies more efficiently than their larger counterparts, due...

This chapter describes four systems that introduce new pedagogy, address inequities in the classroom and show improved learning with reduced cost. The first system supports inquiry and casebased learning, moving students towards more active learning, engagement, and hypothesis construction. The next system describes mathematics and geometry tutors that positively influence a student’s confidenc...

Optical scan voting systems are ubiquitous. Unfortunately, optical scan technology is vulnerable to failures that can result in miscounted votes and lost confidence. While manual counts may be able to detect these failures, counting all the ballots by hand is in many situations impractical and prohibitively expensive. In this paper, we present a novel approach for examining a large set of ballo...

The Busse–Heikes dynamical model is described in terms of relaxational and non-relaxational dynamics. Within this dynamical picture a diverging alternating period is calculated in a reduced dynamics given by a time-dependent Hamiltonian with decreasing energy. A mean period is calculated which results from noise stabilization of a mean energy. The consideration of spatial-dependent amplitudes l...

This paper examines the motivations for the construction of consumer decision tools (CDTs). CDTs are Web-based decision support systems aimed at improving the quality of consumer decisions. CDTs are useful for high involvement choices, such as car or university programme selection, where the consumer is strongly affected by the outcome. Firms will supply CDTs only when they desire informed, mut...