Deficiencies of iron and zinc are common worldwide. Various strategies have been used to combat these deficiencies including supplementation, food fortification and modification of food preparation and processing methods. A new possible strategy is to use biotechnology to improve trace element nutrition. Genetic engineering can be used in several ways; the most obvious is to increase the trace ...

PURPOSE To examine the effect of dopamine depletion in nucleus accumbens on trace conditioning; to distinguish the role of core and shell sub-regions, as far as possible. MATERIAL/METHODS 6-hydroxydopamine was used to lesion dopamine terminals within the core and shell accumbens. Experiment 1 assessed conditioning to a tone conditioned stimulus that had previously been paired with footshock (...

Abstract. In this paper, we address the problem for enumerating the number of finite field elements with prescribed trace and co-trace in case of arbitrary characteristic p. We show that this problem can be reduced to solving a system of p − 1 linear equations with matrix of coefficients a slight modification of circulant matrix formed by the Kloosterman sums over the field Fp. The presented ap...

Let (A; ') be the reduced free product of innnitely many C {algebras (A ; ') with respect to faithful states. Assume that the A are not too small, in a speciic sense. If ' is a trace then the positive cone of K 0 (A) is determined entirely by K 0 ('). If, furthermore, the image of K 0 (') is dense in R, then A has real rank zero. On the other hand, if ' is not a trace then A is simple and purel...

Deductive databases manage large quantities of data and, in general, in a set-oriented way. The existing systems of explanation for deductive databases do not take these constraints into account. We propose a tracing technique which consists of integrating a "relational" trace and an instrumented meta-interpreter using substitution sets. The relational trace eeciently gives precise information ...

Estimating a channel impulse response using a known aperiodic sequence is considered. The problem can be reduced to minimizing the trace of the inverse of a Toeplitz matrix. An efficient algorithm for computing this trace is developed and optimal binary sequences up to length 32 are found and tabulated. The use of complementary sequences in this context is also investigated. It is shown that th...

Using the concept of a twisted trace density on a cyclic groupoid, a trace is constructed on a formal deformation quantization of a symplectic orbifold. An algebraic index theorem for orbifolds follows as a consequence of a local Riemann–Roch theorem for such densities. In the case of a reduced orbifold, this proves a conjecture by Fedosov, Schulze, and Tarkhanov. Finally, it is shown how the K...

the aim of this study was to measure the alterations in serum zinc (zn) copper (cu) and iron (fe) concentrations in patients with acute and chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis. serum zinc and copper were measured by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer and serum iron concentration was measured by the ferrozine method with commercial kits and assay was carried out by using an automatic anal...

background & aim: in some studies, changes in trace elements of abuse of addictive substances have been mentioned. due to the effects of trace elements on the immune system and their effects on susceptibility to infectious agents, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect(s) of morphine dependency on the concentration of trace elements (copper, zinc and manganese) levels in serum ...

LRU buuer management is a policy under which an element buuer of size k always stores the k most recently used elements. Many variants of the policy are widely used in memory systems (e.g., virtual memory subsystems). We study a simple algorithmic problem (called the trace reduction problem): given a sequence of references to elements (a reference trace), compute the shortest sequence with iden...