This paper presents a temperature compensation voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) based on Cross-Coupled pair and Colpitts structures which is suitable for military fields. Also, two inductors have been used for increasing the negative conductance. By using this method, start-up condition has been improved. Two varactors and a simple capacitor bank are applied for covering a wide tunning range...

AIM To establish a reference range for serum cortisol concentrations in preterm infants with a gestational age of less than 30 weeks during the first two weeks of life. METHODS Infants were prospectively classified by the following exclusion criteria: surfactant administration, arterial hypotension, acute or uncontrolled infection, ventricular haemorrhage II degrees or above, serum glucose < ...

ABSTRACT Embedded systems exe uting spe ialized programs are playing an in reasing role in omputing. This trend has inreased the demand for pro essors that an guarantee highperforman e under stringent ost, power and ode size onstraints. Indire t addressing is by far the most used addressing mode in programs running on these systems, sin e it enables the design of small and faster instru tions. ...

In this report a current mode bandgap with a temperature coefficient of 3 ppm for the range from -117◦C to 144◦C is presented. 2nd order curvature compensation is used by using a third BJT with a temperature constant current and a second error amplifier to get a nonlinear temperature coefficient current in extra to enhance the accuracy. The required minimum supply voltage is 1.3V for 3ppm and 1...

BACKGROUND Information on lymphocyte populations (T, B, and Natural killer cells) and subpopulations (CD4 and CD8) in Morocco is scarce if not inexistent. OBJECTIVE To establish a reference value of these cells in 242 Moroccan young adult blood donors by flow cytometry. RESULTS Smokers had significantly higher total leukocyte count (p < 0.001), total lymphocyte count (p < 0.0001) and higher...

Department of Ophthalmology, Cruces University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain; Instituto Cl!ınico Quir! urgico Oftalmol! ogico (ICQO), Bilbao, Spain; Department of Ophthalmology, Cl!ınica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Autonomous University of Madrid, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Univer...

Traditional bandgap based current references have restricted temperature operating range due to the limited input common mode range of the feedback amplifier. This paper introduces a modified bandgap current reference that overcomes this limitation by placing a natural device (V, -0V) level shift stage between the amplifier and the bandgap. The circuit has been fabricated in a 0.25-pm CMOS proc...

During uncomplicated pregnancy, the development of proteinuria is accepted as a poor prognostic sign and is associated with increasing maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Physiological proteinuria increases with increasing gestation and one of its largest constituents is albumin. The reference range for the (micro)albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) has not been described for normal preg...

OBJECTIVE To establish serum TSH reference values for a population of Brazilian elderly, and to compare them to those found in the adult population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Healthy volunteers aged 70 to 85 years, without known thyroid disease or risk factors for thyroid dysfunction, who did not use any medication that could potentially interfere with TSH, were selected. Subjects with goiter, pal...

lunar and mars landing is a crucial part of any exploration mission. its importance is manifested by the considerable interest in the past couple of decades. solution of lunar descent can be either numerical or analytical. numerical solutions are iterative and computationally demanding and some of them might not be suitable for on-board implementation. on the other hand, analytical solutions ar...