Referential integrity, which guarantees that named resources can be accessed when referenced, is an important property for reliability and security. In distributed systems, however, the attempt to provide referential integrity can itself lead to security vulnerabilities that are not currently well understood. This paper identifies three kinds of referential security vulnerabilities related to t...

Algorithms for generating referring expressions typically assume that an object in a scenary can be identified through a set of commonly agreed properties. This is a strong assumption, since in reality properties of objects may be perceived differently among people, due to a number of factors including vagueness, knowledge discrepancies, and limited perception capabilities. Taking these discrep...

In this paper, we present a machine learning system for identifying non-referential it. Types of non-referential it are examined to determine relevant linguistic patterns. The patterns are incorporated as features in a machine learning system which performs a binary classification of it as referential or non-referential in a POS-tagged corpus. The selection of relevant, generalized patterns lea...

There is a sharp increase in depression females mid-adolescence, but we do not understand why. Cognitive theories suggest that people with have negative biases recalling self-referential information. We tested whether recall were more girls early and mid-adolescence associated depressive symptoms. 315 young 263 mid-adolescents (11-12 13-15 years) completed surprise test, assessing of social eva...