A dually nondeterministic refinement algebra with a negation operator is proposed. The algebra facilitates reasoning about totalcorrectness preserving program transformations and nondeterministic programs. The negation operator is used to express enabledness and termination operators through a useful explicit definition. As a small application, a property of action systems is proved employing t...

In this squib, we study some symmetry patterns that arise from introducing a notion of duality in categorial grammar. We first look at residuated and dually residuated families of operations, in syntax and semantics. Inspecting the monotonicity properties of these operations, we then identify a further set of (dually) Galois connected binary operations, hitherto uninvestigated in the linguistic...

In this article, the authors present findings on differences in Medicare costs between elderly beneficiaries who are dually eligible for Medicare and Medicaid and other Medicare beneficiaries. Data from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) were used in the analysis. After controlling for health and functional-status differences, the higher Medicare costs of dually eligible persons, re...

Bender, Richmond, and Wormald showed that in almost all planar 3-connected triangulations (or dually, 3-connected cubic maps) with n edges, the largest 4-connected triangulation (or dually, the largest cyclically 4-edge-connected cubic component) has about n/2 edges [Random Structures Algorithms, 7 (1995), pp. 273–285]. In this paper, we derive some general results about the size of the largest...

OBJECTIVES To measure the rates of hospitalization, readmission, and potentially avoidable hospitalization (PAH) in the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE). DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING PACE PARTICIPANTS PACE enrollees. MEASUREMENTS Hospitalization and PAH rates were measured per 1,000 person-years. Readmission was defined as any return to the hospital within 30 da...

Substance abuse has been associated with cognitive dysfunction, such as problems with attention, reasoning, and memory. Certain psychiatric disorders also have been associated with cognitive difficulties, thus placing dually-diagnosed patients at high risk for cognitive impairment that could interfere with successful entry into or completion of therapy. Twenty-two dually-disordered inpatients w...

Dually eligible Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries account for a disproportionately large share of both programs' expenditures.! The demand for services originates from the vulnerability of dually eligible patients both in terms of frail health status and personal economics. In addition, this group is growing larger and faster than other beneficiaries. The service and cost challenges presented...

‎in this paper some properties of weak regular injectivity for $s$-posets‎, ‎where $s$ is a pomonoid‎, ‎are studied‎. ‎the behaviour‎ ‎of different kinds of weak regular injectivity with products‎, ‎coproducts and direct sums is considered‎. ‎also‎, ‎some‎ ‎characterizations of pomonoids over which all $s$-posets are of‎ ‎some kind of weakly regular injective are obtained‎. ‎further‎, ‎we‎ ‎giv...

The main purpose of this paper is to axiomatize the join of the variety DPCSHC of dually pseudocomplemented semi-Heyting algebras generated by chains and the variety generated by D2, the De Morgan expansion of the four element Boolean Heyting algebra. Toward this end, we first introduce the variety DQDLNSH of dually quasi-De Morgan linear semi-Heyting algebras defined by the linearity axiom and...