RISKS TO THE ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIETY POSED BY RESISTANT PESTS Many general questions and observations were made concerning the risk of pests, especially insect pests to a crop containing a transgenic pesticide, e.g., the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin. If pests cannot be controlled, food and fiber crops will be jeopardized and may negatively impact society throughout the world. As a result, ...

Sound environmental regulation must achieve environmental objectives while maximizing economic efficiency. This paper evaluates the impact of regulation on efficiency by measuring annual productivity across regulatory regimes in two similar fisheries with differing policy expectations. Anticipation of regulatory change produced strategic behavior in one fishery, leading to depressed productivit...

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 299 I. THE LAYERED MODEL............................................................ 302 A. Original Intent of the SMC Layered Policy Model........... 302 B. Current Regulatory Structure -A Review ......................... 302 C. Layered Model Description................................................

Regulation is pervasive in modern societies. However, well targeted and designed regulation can generate significant benefits – delivering economic, social and environmental outcomes that may not have been achieved through a laissez-faire system. However, unnecessary or poorly formulated and implemented regulation can expose business to excessive compliance costs, stifle market competition and ...

The range of options A government seeking to encourage private participation in health care provision can choose among six basic policy and regulatory options that vary widely in the risks and responsibilities borne by the private (for-profit or nonprofit) entity. At one end of the spectrum the private sector takes on limited responsibilities while the public sector remains the primary provider...

We investigate the optimal design of bank regulation by developing a tractable general equilibrium model of competitive banks who are exposed to idiosyncratic and aggregate risk. A comparison of the autarkic equilibrium allocations with the efficient allocations reveals that the autarkic economy underinvests in production when aggregate risk is below a threshold, but overinvests in production w...