We have investigated urine protein inhibitors of calcium oxalate crystallization to determine whether variations in these proteins are associated with kidney stone disease and whether protein measurements improve the identification of stone formers compared with conventional risk factors (RF). Using Western blotting, we studied variations in the electrophoretic mobility patterns and relative ab...

Aims: To determine whether Percussion, diuresis and inversion (PDI) maneuver following shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) can enhance stone clearance from lower calyx as compared to SWL alone. Methods: 60 Patients with lower pole stones (8-15 mm) were randomized to SWL plus PDI (group A) or SWL alone (group B). Shock waves were delivered to all patients according to a standard protocol. Group A patie...

CONTEXT An optimum metabolic evaluation strategy for urinary stone patients has not been clearly defined. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the optimum strategy for metabolic stone evaluation and management to prevent recurrent urinary stones. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Several databases were searched to identify studies on the metabolic evaluation and prevention of stone recurrence in urolithiasis patients....

We introduce the class of Church algebras, which is general enough to compass all Boolean algebras, Heyting algebras and rings with unit. Using a new equational characterization of central elements, we prove that Church algebras satisfy a Stone representation theorem. We show that every lattice of equational theories is isomorphic to the congruence lattice of a suitable Church algebra, and we u...

BACKGROUND It can be assumed that stones in the urinary tract continuously increase in size by incorporating material from urine. Consequently, urine will exhibit depleted concentrations of lithogenic constituents when urinary stones are present in the patient's urinary tract. METHODS To calculate the influence of the depletion effect, we considered two different models of stone growth. In th...

Every lattice is isomorphic to a lattice whose elements are sets of sets and whose operations are intersection and the operation ∨∗ defined by A ∨∗ B = A ∪ B ∪ {Z : (∃X ∈ A)(∃Y ∈ B)X ∩ Y ⊆ Z}. This representation spells out precisely Birkhoff’s and Frink’s representation of arbitrary lattices, which is related to Stone’s set-theoretic representation of distributive lattices. (AMS Subject Classi...

introduction & objective: after urinary tract infection and prostatic disorders , the urine stones are the third common genitourinary diseases. demographic, environmental and genetic factors affect urine stone formation. the aim of our study is to survey epidemiologic factors in patients with urinary stones referring to educational hospitals of hamadan during 2010-2013.      materials & methods...

This work focuses on lattice-theoretical foundations of rough set theory. It consists of the following sections: 1: Introduction 2: Basic Notions and Notation, 3: Orders and Lattices, 4: Distributive, Boolean, and Stone Lattices, 5: Closure Systems and Topologies, 6: Fixpoints and Closure Operators on Ordered Sets, 7: Galois Connections and Their Fixpoints, 8: Information Systems, 9: Rough Set ...

Lattice yield to tension within practical time and temperatures is determined by the probability of defect formation. Its rate in nanotubes depends in turn on the transition state and activation barrier for the Stone-Wales bond rotations. Systematic ab initio computations of the barriers for the tubes of various symmetries and radii led to accurate calculation of plastic yield strain as a funct...