Tactile stimulation usually occurs as a combination of an active movement (reaching out to touch a surface) and a sensation (actually feeling the surface against the skin). The brain has information about the active component (the motor command) before it occurs because of efference copy, while the passive component must be transduced before it can be processed. Since the active and passive tac...

In this paper, we present a new way to describe the timing of branching events in phylogenetic trees. Our description is in terms of the relative timing of diversification events between sister clades; as such it is complementary to existing methods using lineages-through-time plots which consider diversification in aggregate. The method can be applied to look for evidence of diversification ha...

The last deglaciation was marked by large, hemispheric, millennial-scale climate variations: the Bølling-Allerød and Younger Dryas periods in the north, and the Antarctic Cold Reversal in the south. A chronology from the high-accumulation Law Dome East Antarctic ice core constrains the relative timing of these two events and provides strong evidence that the cooling at the start of the Antarcti...

Many tumors have highly rearranged genomes, but a major unknown is the relative importance and timing of genome rearrangements compared to sequence-level mutation. Chromosome instability might arise early, be a late event contributing little to cancer development, or happen as a single catastrophic event. Another unknown is which of the point mutations and rearrangements are selected. To addres...

Developmental processes in cells require a series of complex steps. Often only a single master regulator activates genes in these different steps. This poses several challenges: some targets need to be ordered temporally, while co-functional targets may need to be synchronized in both time and expression level. Here we study in single cells the dynamic activation patterns of early meiosis genes...

Correct interaction of asynchronous hardware protocols requires verification. Performance and power of asynchronous hardware circuits and protocols can be vastly improved by modifying them with judicious application of timing constraints. A methodology is presented for verifying larger asynchronous protocols through compositional model checking with symbolic methods. This approach uses Relative...

| This paper presents a design ow for timed asynchronous circuits. It introduces lazy transitions systems as a new computational model to represent the timing information required for synthesis. The notion of laziness explicitly distinguishes between the enabling and the ring of an event in a transition system. Lazy transition systems can be eeectively used to model the behavior of asynchronous...

We explore the hypothesis that intergestural phasing relations are implemented via coupling terms in a nonlinear dynamical systems model. We extend the dynamical model of relative phasing to include the possibility of attractor states that are characterized by phase windows, and contrast this behavior with standard models that display punctate relative phasing.