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Background: Neurosurgery practice conflicts with many challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic; Including the lack of beds in intensive care units, as well as the use of some methods such as drills and trans-nasal and trans-oral approaches that produce aerosols or are directly in contact with patient discharge. Due to these challenges, developing a clinical guideline to help neurosurgeons and me...

Simulation of CO2 storage in geological formations inherently involves decisions concerning relevant physics, upscaling, and numerical modeling. We propose a benchmark study designed to assess the impact of these necessary choices, within the context of storage in a conceptually simple geological formation. The benchmark asks for answers to relevant questions regarding the ultimate fate of the ...

In these days, many of us use question and answer (Q&A) sites where we share our problems and get solutions of them. For example, about 3.11 million questions were submitted to Yahoo! chiebukuro 1 from April/2004 to October/2005. Because of this large numbers of questions, questioners had better submit questions which give enough information to answerers. However, it is difficult to make good q...

BACKGROUND Online Consumer Health websites are a major source of information for patients worldwide. We focus on another modality, online physician advice. We aim to evaluate and compare the freely available online expert physicians' advice in different countries, its scope and the type of content provided. SETTING Using automated methods for information retrieval and analysis, we compared co...

chest tube (ct) or tube thoracostomy placement is often indicated following traumatic injuries. premature movement of the chest tube leads to increased hospital complications and costs for patients. placement of a chest tube is indicated in drainage of blood, bile, pus, drain air, and other fluids. although there is a general agreement for the placement of a chest tube, there is little consensu...

Ontology-based semantic query answering algorithms suffer from high computational complexity and become impractical in most cases that OWL is used as a framework for data access in the Semantic Web. For this reason, most semantic query answering systems prefer to lose some possible correct answers of user queries rather than being irresponsible. Here, we present a method that follows an alterna...