The major issues in approaching patients with renal artery stenosis relate to the role of renal artery stenosis in the management of hypertension, ie, “renovascular hypertension,” and to the potential for vascular compromise of renal function, ie, “ischemic nephropathy.” Ever since the original Goldblatt experiment in 1934, wherein experimental hypertension was produced by renal artery clamping...

Previous studies demonstrate that renovascular responses to angiotensin II (Ang II) are enhanced in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs); however, it is possible that this hyperresponsiveness is mediated by Ang II-induced release of substances from the adrenal gland. Previous studies also show that pertussis toxin normalizes renovascular responses to Ang II in SHRs; however, it is possible th...

Renovascular hypertension in mice is characterized by an elevation in hypothalamic angiotensin II levels. The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is a major cardioregulatory site implicated in the neurogenic component of renovascular hypertension. Increased superoxide (O(2)(-·)) production in the PVN is involved in angiotensin II-dependent neurocardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and heart f...

Renovascular occlusive lesions account for the most common form of surgically correctable hypertension. Technical advances in vascular reconstructive surgery have increased the likelihood of renal parenchymal preservation and amelioration of hypertension in patients having renal artery stenoses. Proper selection of patients alleged to have renovascular hypertension for operative treatment is th...

This study was designed to examine the contribution of bradykinin to the depressor effect of different antihypertensive drugs in two-kidney renovascular hypertensive rats, using a new specific antagonist of bradykinin. First, the inhibitory capacity of this peptide for exogenously injected bradykinin (75-200 ng) was tested. An inhibition of the vasodepressor action of bradykinin by over 50% was...

Nineteen stenotic arteries in 16 patients with severe renovascular hypertension of nonatherosclerotic nature (fibromuscular dysplasia in 13, neurofibromatosis in 3) were treated with percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty. The procedure was technically successful in 12 of 14 (86%) stenoses in the fibromuscular dysplasia subgroup but in only one of five (20%) lesions in the neurofibromatosi...

Renovascular hypertension has robust effects on control of blood pressure, including an impairment in baroreflex mechanisms, which involves oxidative stress. Although α-lipoic acid (LA) has been described as a potent antioxidant, its effect on renovascular hypertension and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) has not been investigated. In the present study we analyzed the effects caused by chronic...

We investigated the time relationship between changes in blood pressure and changes in the structure of the resistance vasculature. Blood pressure, heart/body weight ratio, and morphology and function of mesenteric resistance arteries from 1-kidney, 1-clip renovascular hypertensive rats were followed before and after declipping at age 14 weeks. The rats were divided into 5 groups, which were in...

We hypothesized that chronic specific endothelin-A (ET-A) receptor blockade therapy would reverse renal dysfunction and injury in advanced experimental renovascular disease. To test this, unilateral renovascular disease was induced in 19 pigs, and after 6 weeks, single-kidney hemodynamics and function was quantified in vivo using computed tomography. All pigs with renovascular disease were divi...