Many different types of advanced metal matrix composites are now available, some of which possess functional properties. Recent work on particle-reinforced, self-lubricating and self-healing metals and metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs) synthesized by solidification synthesis is reviewed. Particlebased MMNCs have been developed by several modern processing tools based on either solidor liquid-...

Tendon unloading following rupture of one of the rotator cuff tendons can induce alterations in muscle physiology and tendon structure, which can subsequently affect reparability and healing potential. Yet little is known about the effects of muscle and tendon unloading on the molecular response of the rotator cuff. We determined the effect of mechanical unloading on gene expression and morphol...

In recent years, several password authentication schemes for remote login and verification have been widely implemented for systems that control and access to Internet applications. Therefore, how to assure the security protection of these related operations in computer networks has been extensively investigated by many engineers in these two decades. Recently, an advanced smart card based pass...

To understand the neural representation of broadband, dynamic sounds in primary auditory cortex (AI), we characterize responses using the spectro-temporal response field (STRF). The STRF describes, predicts, and fully characterizes the linear dynamics of neurons in response to sounds with rich spectro-temporal envelopes. It is computed from the responses to elementary "ripples," a family of sou...

Reducing vehicle weight is critical to improving fuel economy and addressing range, performance, size, and cost challenges associated with fuel-cell and hybrid propulsion systems. This paper describes the design, fabrication, and assembly approach used for the carbon-fiber composite body structure in Hypercar, Inc.’s Revolution concept vehicle. The Revolution’s 187-kg body structure is 57% ligh...

Mitral regurgitation (MR) represents the second most frequent valvular heart disease. The appropriate management of organic MR remains unclear in many aspects, especially in several specific clinical scenarios. This review aims to discuss the current guideline recommendations regarding the management of organic MR, while highlighting the controversial aspects encountered in daily clinical pract...

Various classifications of rotator cuff tears have been proposed. Many authors currently define a tear as massive if there is a detachment of at least 2 complete tendons. Whereas small tears can occur without symptoms, massive tears are always associated with weakness and, especially in young patients, often with painful disability. Massive tears are only rarely due to an acute injury; rather, ...

Technological innovation is widely recognized as an endogenous element of capitalism driving economic growth and consumption. Although technological innovations have benefited human health, quality life, comfort, especially in high-income countries, uncontrolled industrialization mass consumption exert strong environmental pressure on natural resources contribute to the degradation environment....

Recombinant human transforming growth factor beta-3 (rhTGF-β3) is a key regulator of chondrogenesis in stem cells and cartilage formation. We have developed a novel drug delivery system that continuously releases rhTGF-β3 using a multilayered extracellular matrix (ECM) membrane. We hypothesize that the sustained release of rhTGF-β3 could activate stem cells and result in enhanced repair of cart...