Plant resistance to glyphosate has been reported far less frequently than resistance to sulfonylurea and imidazolinone herbicides. However, these studies tend to be anecdotal, without side by side comparisons for a single species or natural isolate. In this study, we tested the frequencies of resistance of three herbicides in a controlled ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) saturation mutagenesis exper...

Synthetic herbicides have been used globally to control weeds in major field crops. This has imposed a strong selection for any trait that enables plant populations to survive and reproduce in the presence of the herbicide. Herbicide resistance in weeds must be minimized because it is a major limiting factor to food security in global agriculture. This represents a huge challenge that will requ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Selective pressures exerted by agriculture on populations of arable weeds foster the evolution of adaptive traits. Germination and emergence dynamics and herbicide resistance are key adaptive traits. Herbicide resistance alleles can have pleiotropic effects on a weed's life cycle. This study investigated the pleiotropic effects of three acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)...

Amaranthus tuberculatus is a troublesome weed in corn and soybean production systems in Midwestern USA, due in part to its ability to evolve multiple resistance to key herbicides including 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD). Here we have investigated the mechanism of resistance to mesotrione, an important chemical for managing broadleaf weeds in corn, in a multiple herbicide resistant p...

The first cases of herbicide resistance were reported around 1970. Since then resistance of monoand dicotyledonous weeds to herbicides has become an increasing problem world-wide. In March 2006 the International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds recorded 305 herbicide-resistant biotypes with 182 weed species – 109 dicotyledonous and 73 monocotyledonous weeds [1]. The relatively steady increas...

Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. (black-grass) has always been a major concern for cereal growers, and the development of herbicide resistance does not improve the situation. This review article summarizes the different traits involved in the dispersal pattern of herbicide resistant black-grass individuals within a susceptible field population. Therefore, the whole life cycle of black-grass is depi...

The genetic basis for susceptibility or nonsusceptibility of plants to viruses is understood poorly. Two selectable tobacco etch virus (TEV) strains were developed for identification of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with either gain-of-susceptibility or loss-of-susceptibility phenotypes. These strains conferred a conditional-survival phenotype to Arabidopsis based on systemic expression of herbi...

Results are presented from a three gene population genetics and dynamics model of herbicide resistance in annual ryegrass. The models predictions are compared with those of other one and two gene resistance models to validate the modelling approach which will ultimately be used to develop a five-gene herbicide resistance model. The importance of initial gene frequencies for resistance in unsele...

37 Introduction 38 Materials and methods 40 Results 45 Discussion 56 Literature cited 60 IV. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 63