More than 45,000 of 100,000 exposed patients are suffering from late effects of sulfur mustard (SM) after almost 20 years post-exposure. Respiratory complications of SM exacerbate over time and are the greatest cause of long-term disability in exposed patients. A triad of cough, expectoration and dyspnea has been found to be the main symptoms among patients. Even those who had not developed acu...

HEATH and Whitaker 1 applied the term hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease to patients with chronic, severe pulmonary hypertension. They emphasized that this disease is a distinct clinicopathologic entity with uniform clinical features and characteristic morphologic changes of the pulmonary arteries and arterioles irrespective of the etiology of the hypertension. The vascular changes indicat...

background: workers in cotton industry are occupationally exposed to various dust-related hazards. the nature of these agents and the respective exposure levels depend on the cotton industry specific sector. these exposures could be associated with respiratory symptoms and changes in lung function parameters. objective: to evaluate associations between occupational exposure and respiratory func...

the respiratory tract contains numerous peptides secreted from special pulmonary epithelial cells whichare called endocrine cells. the function of neuroendocrine cells is modulated by amines. serotonin has strong vasomotor and bronchomotor effects in the airway mucosa. the objective of this study was to determine presence and distribution of serotonin-positive endocrine cells in respiratory tra...

background: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a chronic respiratory disease, which reduces the lung function and causes respiratory symptoms over time, and it is primarily associated with shortness of breath, cough and sputum production. roflumilast, which is a long-acting selective inhibitor, reduces the anti-inflammatory effect of the main symptoms of copd. the aim of this study...