<p>This article examines how stereotypes operate in the social construction of Black Canadian male student-athletes and those frame these students’ lived experiences relation to race, athletic ability, academic performance. From qualitative interviews with twenty current former student-athletes, we found that they largely resisted challenged being primarily athletes less students. In vari...

introduction: problem statement: “sense of social belonging” is one of the human basic needs which is the outcome of social relationships and may have generally many impacts on social pathologies and specifically on local deviations. the aim of the present study is examining and identifying the relationship between municipality performance and citizenship commitments and sense of social belongi...