One of the priority areas theoretical research in field building structures is to reduce their own weight at a given resource - rationalization. There certain number which form and nature external load are interdependent. The most striking representative that perceive lateral pressure from bulk material retaining walls. From above review modern scientific aimed finding rational parameters walls...

A pre-design guide for cantilever retaining walls and a detail parametric study of such is presented here. Mathematical models based on statistical methods were improved calculating safety factors sliding, overturning, slope stability those walls. The harmony search algorithm (HSA)-a metaheuristic optimization method-was employed to realize reasonable results the from all distinct cases. Throug...

Reinforced concrete cantilever retaining walls (RCCRWs) are widely used in civil engineering projects as a common type of structure. The design these structures focuses on ensuring safety against various failure scenarios and compliance with standard building code requirements. This research aims to enhance the process RCCRWs by developing specific optimizing it through metaheuristic-based algo...

Aseismic design of gravity wall still is a more difficult issue. The reason stems from the complexity of the problem which requires skills in soil mechanics, foundation engineering, soil-structure interaction along with knowledge of structure dynamics. Designing seismic gravity retaining structures deals with both kinematic interaction and inertial interaction but almost seismic building code n...

This paper explores some of the aspects of embedded retaining wall design, in particular the interrelationship between system uncertainty and the use of factors of safety in the various design procedures. System uncertainty reflects the mismatch between idealised retaining wall behaviour and what is observed in practice. This feature is modelled using the concept of fuzzy sets where the degree ...

abstract the prediction of active earth pressures is essential to the design of retaining walls in case of reinforced and unreinforced soils. in this study, a new analytical method is presented to determine the coefficient of earth pressure. the horizontal slice method is used to compute the active earth pressure behind a rigid retaining wall in consideration of the granular soils. to verify th...

Using finite element nonlinear analysis, the dynamic soil pressure on perimeter retainingwalls of structures is investigated. Nonlinear Drucker Prager failure criterion is used to model the soilbehavior in the near field. The far field soil and the middle structure are assumed to behave as linearelastic materials. The soil-wall interface behavior is modeled incorporating nonlinear interfaceelem...

Abstract: The design of retaining walls requires the complete knowledge of the earth pressure distribution behind the wall. Due to the complex soil-structure effect, the estimation of earth pressure is not an easy task; even in the static case. The problem becomes even more complex for the dynamic (i.e., seismic) analysis and design of retaining walls. Several earth pressure models have been de...