In the ground sealed station crew, during 8 months international experiment SIRIUS 20/21 simulating an interplanetary flight, electrically induced phosphene (EIP) thresholds, which reflected electrical sensitivity (ES) of retina, and optic nerve. ES&L was assessed using “ESOM” device (“Neuron”, Ufa, Russia) once a month, twice day (morning/evening), under mesopic conditions. An increase in ...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications are an actual problem of modern medicine. This pathology continues to spread throughout the world like a non-infectious epidemic. In this review new data about role different cellular mechanisms in forming diabetic retinopathy (DR), namely, oxidative-nitrosative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neurodegeneration inflammation. A approach DR pathogen...

The retina is the thin layer in back of eyeball where vision begins, and it actually considered part brain. Despite its small size, nerve cells carry complex information about colors, edges, motion that we see. easier to study than other brain areas, so not only can retinal research help us understand vision, even teach how areas work. adaptable —it change activity as changes happen environment...

Objective(s):The aim of this study was to evaluate distribution and changes of glycoconjugates of retinal photoreceptors during both pre- and postnatal development. Materials and Methods: Tissue sections from days 15 to 20 of Wistar rat embryos and 1 to 12 postnatal days of rat newborns including developing eye were prepared for lectinhistochemistry technique. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-label...