2 cases of laurence- moon-biedl syndrome are described in 2 rothers. they have 5 out of 6 cardinal symptoms of this syndrome i.e. : i) obesity ,2) genital dystrophia, 3) retinitis pigmentosa, 4)menal deficiency, 5) familial occurrence. besides, their only sister has ocular signs of beginning of retinitis igmentosa and one of their relatives had polydactylism and another ne cretinism. what is cu...

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) and multifocal retinitis with perivascular sheathing are rare in ocular toxoplasmosis. We report a case of toxoplasmic CRAO and multifocal retinitis with perivascular sheathing. A healthy 83-year-old male developed left panuveitis. Funduscopic examination of the left eye showed a swollen optic disc and sheathing of the retinal artery with a dense vitreous...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to observe the characteristic findings of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images in the retinas of patients with retinitis pigmentosa and to evaluate their distribution patterns in the early and advanced stages of the disease. METHODS A total of 184 patients (368 eyes) with retinitis pigmentosa were observed using SD-OCT. We studi...

The efficacy and toxicity of ganciclovir given by intravenous or intravenous plus intravitreal injection were studied in nine patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis; seven with AIDS and two with drug induced immunodeficiency. Five patients had retinitis with macular involvement in six sighted eyes; six patients had only peripheral retinitis in seven eyes. In two patients (two eyes) with ...

Cotton-wool spots and cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis are seen frequently in AIDS patients. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of the retina has been proposed as a mechanism for the high incidence of retinal pathology. An autopsy study of the eyes from 25 consecutive cases of AIDS was performed using gross examination, light microscopy, trypsin digestion of retinal vasculatures, and i...

BACKGROUND Since the introduction of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), AIDs related morbidity and mortality have declined. However, the advent of HAART brought the new problem of immune recovery inflammatory syndrome. Cytomegalovirus retinitis remains the most common cause of visual loss in AIDs patients. Some patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis who experienced immune recovery a...