to evaluate the sensitivity of different crops included some pulses to simulated metribuzin soil residues, an experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with factorial arrangement and four replications in research greenhouse of college of agriculture, ferdowsi university of mashhad. treatments included of 8 crops (chickpea, common bean, lentil, corn, wheat, barley, rape seed and s...

Root biomass is one of the most relevant root parameters for studies of plant response to environmental change, soil carbon modeling or estimations of soil carbon sequestration. A major source of error in root biomass quantification of agricultural crops in the field is the presence of extraneous organic matter in soil: dead roots from previous crops, weed roots, incorporated above ground plant...

The root serves as an essential organ in plant growth by taking up nutrients and water from the soil and supporting the rest of the plant body. Some plant species utilize roots as storage organs. Sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas), cassava (Manihot esculenta), and radish (Raphanus sativus), for example, are important root crops. However, how their root growth is regulated remains unknown. In this...

The root-knot nematode (RKN), Meloidogyne incognita, is an obligate, sedentary endoparasite that infects a large number of crops and severely affects productivity. The commonly used nematode control strategies have their own limitations. Of late, RNA interference (RNAi) has become a popular approach for the development of nematode resistance in plants. Transgenic crops capable of expressing dsR...

The concept of planting trees in widely spaced rows and growing cash crops in the alleyways is a special form of agroforestry called alley cropping. To be successful, the companion crop’s physiological requirements (i.e., light, water and nutrients) must be accommodated by the tree. Black walnut’s (Juglans nigra L.) foliage and root system are unique and readily adapted to the growth of compani...

in terms of evaluation of Pu hazards in the environment because (i) root crops directly consumed by man may contain Pu a t levels exceeding those found in other crop plants in which the tops are consumed, (ii) Pu, considered largely immobile in soil (Francis, 1973), may be distributed much further down the soil profile than previously expected due to its mobility in the plant root system, and (...

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea), carrot (Daucus carota), marigold (Tagetes patula), nematode-resistant tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) were grown for three years during the winter in a root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) infested field in Southern California. Each year in the spring, the tops of all crops were shredded and incorporated in the soil. Amendmen...

Water stress is among the dominant yield limiting factors in global crop production. Better drought resistance is therefore a key challenge for breeding and crop management. Avoidance of water stress by effective root water uptake is considered a promising approach to yield stability in water limiting environments. Water uptake efficiency is the result of multiple plant root traits that dynamic...

Salinity level may affect early development of biofuel feedstock crops. The biofuel feedstock crops canola (Brassica napus L.), sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.); and the potential feedstock crop sweet corn (Zea mays L.) were planted in media in pots and treated with aqueous solutions of 0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 M NaCl once at: 1) planting; 2) 7-10 days afte...