regarding the decentralization of credits management, this study examined the effect of fiscal policies on gross domestic product of the iranian provinces over the period 2001-2009. therefore, we used dynamic panel data and employed gmm-sys method to examine the model. the results show that the government expenditure and tax multiplier coefficients are less than one in short - run but greater t...

the objective of this study is to model and estimate the effect of financial services in the agricultural sector of iran on the value added of this sector. moreover, since as of 1984, the interest free banking law was implemented, the effect of this change on the value added of the sector will be studied as the second objective. the model of the study consists of three tions. the volume of real...

This paper examines the effect of fiscal instability component on fluctuation in welfare indicator for 45 years. Descriptive statistics reveals that and real GDP per capital are largely unstable Hodrick-Prescott filter (HPF) is employed as a smoothing measure long-term component. lesser government revenue had been committed to development purposes compared with recurrent expenditure since begin...

This article presents a Kaleckian model enriched by introducing autonomous public expenditure which grows at an exogenous rate. It shows that the usual properties are not affected in the short run: growth is wage-led. But long run properties are strongly affected: public expenditure plays a role as an automatic stabilizer so that the accumulation rate converges on the growth rate of public expe...

Purpose This study examined the roles of public spending and population moderating characteristic structure selected African economies on bank-based financial development through credit to private sector. Design/methodology/approach The sampled 37 for years 1991–2018, it applied a pooled mean group (PMG) estimator account short-run long-run causal effects, confirmed adjustments towards converge...

In this paper we apply a thorough cointegration analysis to annual time-series data for the U.K. in the period, 1948-1997, to examine whether government revenue and expenditure have been congruent. The data do provide considerable evidence of a cointegrated long-run relation between government revenue and expenditure in the U.K. during this period implying that the two have been congruent in th...

conclusions chronic hepatitis c-related liver diseases impose a substantial economic burden on patients, families and the society. the current study provides useful information on cost of treatment and work loss for different disease states, which can be further used in cost-effectiveness evaluations. results the total annual cost per patient for chronic hepatitis c, cirrhosis and hepatocellula...

This paper responds to the development policy debate involving the World Bank and the IMF on the use of fiscal policy not only for economic stabilization but also to promote growth and the increase of per capita income. A key issue in this debate relates to the effect of the composition of public expenditure, and its financing, on economic growth. The current paper lays out a research strategy ...