Many industrial incidents are caused by thermal runaway reactions. Therefore, a good understanding of runaway reactions is necessary to predict and control reactive hazards. A detailed kinetic modeling approach is proposed to simulate runaway reactions under industrial conditions. This paper addresses the first step of this approach-mechanism generation. Computational chemistry was employed to ...

In this work thermal runaway of cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) in a storage tank with constant jacket temperature is considered. The divergence method developed by Strozzi and Zaldivar (1994) based on the concept of parametric sensitivity and a runaway criterion focused on a set of critical parameters identified by Velo et al. (1996) have been applied to our system. The results obtained from the co...

Synaptic runaway denotes the formation of erroneous synapses and premature functional decline accompanying activity-dependent learning in neural networks. This work studies synaptic runaway both analytically and numerically in binary-firing associative memory networks. It turns out that synaptic runaway is of fairly moderate magnitude in these networks under normal, baseline conditions. However...

When heavy nuclei collide, a quark-gluon plasma is formed. The plasma is subject to strong electric field due to the charge of the colliding nuclei. The electric field can influence the behavior of the quark-gluon plasma. In particular, we might observe an increased number of quarks moving in the direction of that field, as we do in the standard electron-ion plasma. In this paper we show that t...

Disruptions in a large tokamak can cause serious damage to the device and should be avoided or mitigated. Massive gas or killer pellet injection are possible ways to obtain a controlled fast plasma shutdown before a natural disruption occurs. In this work, plasma shutdown scenarios with different types of impurities are studied for an ITER-like plasma. Plasma cooling, runaway generation and the...

Spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) and other conventional Hebbian-type plasticity rules are prone to produce runaway dynamics of synaptic weights. Once potentiated, a synapse would have higher probability to lead to spikes and thus to be further potentiated, but once depressed, a synapse would tend to be further depressed. The runaway synaptic dynamics can be prevented by precisely balanc...

The atmospheres of terrestrial planets are expected to be in long-term radiation balance: an increase in the absorption of solar radiation warms the surface and troposphere, which leads to a matching increase in the emission of thermal radiation. Warming a wet planet such as Earth would make the atmosphere moist and optically thick such that only thermal radiation emitted from the upper troposp...

Simplified equations describing the transport and energy spectrum of runaway electrons are derived from the basic kinematics of the continuity equations. These equations are useful in modeling the energy distribution of energetic electrons in strong electric fields, such as those found inside thunderstorms. Dwyer and Babich (2011) investigated the generation of low-energy electrons in relativis...