Flood hydrograph simulation is affected by uncertainty in Rainfall – Runoff )RR( parameters. Uncertainty of RR parameters in Gharasoo catchment, part of the great Karkheh river basin, is evaluated by Monte–Carlo (MC) approach. A conceptual-distributed model, called ModClark, was used for basin simulation, in which the basin’s hydrograph was determined using the superposition of runoff generated...

[1] Motivated by the recent increasing availability of global remote sensing data for estimating precipitation and describing land surface characteristics, this note reports an approximate assessment of quasi-global runoff computed by incorporating satellite rainfall data and other remote sensing products in a relatively simple rainfall-runoff simulation approach: the Natural Resources Conserva...

land surface parameterization schemes are one of the most important components in gcm and nwp models. these schemes calculate the exchanges of momentum, mass and energy between land surface and the atmosphere. runoff is one of the important components in the water cycle of the land surface scheme whose parameterization is difficult because of complexity in the processes governing the runoff gen...

Dissolved phosphorus (P) in runoff from surface-applied fertilizers can be relatively great, but commonly used, field or watershed-scale computer models often do not simulate direct transfer of fertilizer P to runoff. Using data from our own simulated rainfall experiments and published runoff studies, we developed a simplemodel to predict fertilizer P release during rain and the concentration o...

Porous pavements with reservoir structure for infiltration of runoff from parking spaces and residential streets offer the opportunity to dispose water without using additional space in urban areas. However, pollutants in urban runoff endanger soils and groundwater, when pollutant retention in the structure is not sufficient. Porous pavement structures with four different subbase materials were...

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SUDPLAN aims at a new and visionary capacity to link existing environmental simulation models, information and sensor infrastructures, SDI’s and climatic scenario databases, providing visualization of long term forecasts of environmental factors for urban subsystems such as building and architecture, traffic and transport, landscape planning and local water runoff. End-users shall be enabled to...

Rainfall simulation experiments were conducted on annual grassland and coastal sage scrub hillslopes to determine the quantities of C and N removed by surface runoff in sediment and solution. Undisturbed coastal sage scrub soils have very high infiltration capacities (> 140 mm h(-1)), preventing the generation of surface runoff. Trampling disturbance to the sage scrub plots dramatically reduced...

Distributed hydrological model can be divided into two parts, as runoff and the convergence. Runoff calculation is the basis of distributed hydrological model, its results will determine the accuracy of the simulation results directly. Rainfall is an important input of runoff calculation, thus its accuracy has special significance to runoff calculation. For most small watershed, now mainly rely...