the scattered stories, due to the way they are put together in the shahnameh, show a thoughtful and systematic pattern and tell more than what they have in their appearance. according to the tradition of the shahnameh research, the book is divided into the following sections: mythical, heroic, and historical. although clear lines do not indicate this classification, the interval and overlapping...

rooster`s eye has been used a lot in shahnameh and other contexts. poets and authors, following their ancestors, have talked about it as a symbol of beautification, purity, and redness however rooster`s eye doesn’t have any of these features, nor are these features important enough to be noticed by poets. researchers have mentioned some opinions to match these features with rooster`s eye, and...

the form of dragon has been appeared during the history of iran art in different formats whit mysterious contents. in fact, it is the only mythical character that is in collection with the rest ancient earthly animals. dragon with its scaly serpent, like body, is also one of the twelve zodiac signs in the world. in most of the old pictures, figures or written texts, they are explained with a bo...

in this paper the practice of medicine in ancient iran is studied. mythology of ancient iran has many references to how diseases were treated and medicine dispensed. there is even a mention of surgery; presumably the rst caesarian section in the history of medicine is performed for the birth of mythological persian hero, rostam. this study looks at mythology, ancient persian religious texts an...

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1. introduction the shahnameh opens with a preface which probably did not exist prior to ferdowsi. even if such a thing existed, it must have been different from the present introduction. putting this aside, the rest of the shahnameh has a clear beginning and ending. this has helped critics to determine the structure of the work as a whole by its content. however, we believe the shahnameh inclu...

In Shahnameh and other epic poems, which reflect the myths, life of primitive ancient Iranian societies, animals are great importance go beyond their normal features status. Myths that truths thoughts ideas first people, mixed with different stories expressed symbolically cryptically. Epic events usually result linking these myths to history. Among animals, "cow" is one actors mentioned in Ferd...

ferdowsi has remonstrated philosophy and philosophers in his shahnameh. was he really opposed to rationalism? it’s not the thing gotten of shahnameh. he invites his readers to live wise, so he can’t be against wisdom. are philosophers in a coherent group with shared ideas? ferdowsi era doesn’t include such a thing. so which group of philosophers was exposed to his critical considerations? hakim...