... Instead, I want to take this opportunity to say a few words about two questions that confront scholars interested in comparative institutional analysis in the field of professional regulation. ... As Professor Martyn argues, however, in his attempt to limit the use of disqualification as a sanction, Professor Green advocates a bifurcated process that runs the risk of undermining the substan...

Research from environmental criminology, policing, and related literatures consistently finds that objective conditions to risk of apprehension affect crime. The mechanism underlying this relationship is not explicitly tested; instead, perceptual deterrence assumed. In analysis we investigate mechanism. This test straightforward, however, as some research shows perceptions are susceptible vario...

OBJECTIVE To study the infant mortality rate (IMR) trend during wars and sanction periods in Western Iraq. METHODS Data collected from the birth and death certificates of Haditha Health Vital Statistics Center, Haditha city (80,000 population), Western Iraq, included name, age, gender, residence, and infant's place and date of births and deaths, in 5 different sanction and war stages of the c...