In Iraq an industrial revolution is in full swing and is advancing more quickly than is fully appreciated. Most Iraqi industrialists have learned from the lessons of history and are not committing all the blunders made by the industrialists of the nineteenth century in Europe. The biggest and most important industry in Iraq is undoubtedly agriculture, and great efforts are now being made to mec...

This report reviews the current context with regard to livestock mobility in Africa and the associated constraints. Concrete examples of transboundary animal diseases of relevance to the continent will be used to shed light on the role of cross-border movements in the persistence and spread of these diseases as well as the sanitary and non-sanitary constraints hampering their prevention and con...

Needs Assessment Survey: A Case of Female Junior High Schoolers’ Parents M. Samiee Zafarghandi, Ph.D. F. Gholami This research was carried out to identify the educational needs of parents of female junior high Schoolers in Ilam Province. The sample size was determined to be 338 based on Morgan’s formula and the participants were chosen through multi-stage sampling ...