The sensitivity of SART-stressed (repeated cold-stressed) mice to substance P (SP) was studied. The behavioral responses to intrathecal SP in the stressed mice were less marked than those in non-stressed mice. The 50% effective dose of SP, however, did not differ between the 2 groups. Also, the antagonistic effect of intrathecal [D-Pro2, D-Trp7,9]-substance P against SP was not different. These...

As a breast-imaging technique, digital breast tomosynthesis has great potential to improve the diagnosis of early breast cancer over mammography. Ray-tracing-based reconstruction algorithms, such as ray-tracing back projection, maximum-likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM), ordered-subset MLEM (OS-MLEM), and simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART), have been developed as rec...

3D Cone Beam Computed Tomography is a highly investigated field, nowadays. Both analytical and iterative methods for tomographic reconstruction have been proposed. This paper compares two such CBCT image reconstruction algorithms, the FDK and the SART, in terms of their performances when a limited number of projections is used. Increased angular step between projections, allows dose reduction a...

Detecting Consciousness in a Total LIS Caroline Schnakers,1 Fabien Perrin,2 Manuel Schabus,3 Roland Hustinx,4 Steve Majerus,5 Gustave Moonen,6 Melanie Boly,1,6 Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse,1 Marie-Aurelie Bruno,1,6 and Steven Laureys1,6 1Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium 2UMR 5020, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 – CNRS, Lyon, France 3Division of Physi...

The use of tramadol is a controversial topic in cycling. In order to provide novel evidence on this issue, we tested 29 participants pre-loaded cycling time trial (TT; 20-min TT preceded by 40-min constant work-rate at 60% the VO2max) after ingesting 100 mg (vs placebo and paracetamol (1.5 g)). Participants performed Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) rest Sustained Attention Response (SART) duri...

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism are two neurodevelopmental disorders associated with prominent executive dysfunction, which may be underpinned by disruption within fronto-striatal and fronto-parietal circuits. We probed executive function in these disorders using a sustained attention task with a validated brain-behaviour basis. Twenty-three children with ADHD, 21 chi...

PURPOSE Detection of subtle microcalcifications in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a challenging task because of the large, noisy DBT volume. It is important to enhance the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of microcalcifications in DBT reconstruction. Most regularization methods depend on local gradient and may treat the ill-defined margins or subtle spiculations of masses and subtle microca...

Recent research suggests that sleepiness and mind-wandering-the experience of thoughts that are both stimulus-independent and task-unrelated-frequently co-occur and are both associated with poorer cognitive functioning. Whether these two phenomena have distinguishable effects on task performance remains unknown, however. To investigate this question, we used the online experience sampling of mi...