One of the stellar achievements of twentieth century plant biology was the genetic transformation of somatic cells enabling the regeneration of whole plants that were stably transformed and capable of transmitting the inserted genetic material to subsequent generations. This achievement grew out of three independent lines of research initiated early in the twentieth century: plant tissue cultur...

THE DRAMATIC advances that have characterized cardiovascular medicine and surgery since World War II have been, in many instances, the result of the clinical application of discoveines or concepts derived from basic scientific research. Those concerned with the care of patients and health care delivery, whether they are physicians, laymen, or legislators, would benefit from an enhanced awarenes...

One of the stellar achievements of twentieth century plant biology was the genetic transformation of somatic cells enabling the regeneration of whole plants that were stably transformed and capable of transmitting the inserted genetic material to subsequent generations. This achievement grew out of three independent lines of research initiated early in the twentieth century: plant tissue cultur...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This study has evaluated more than a hundred of the most fortunate couplings of a brilliant mind with fortunate luck (serendipity), through the re-reading of most relevant histories on science-related (n = 46) and anesthesiology-related (n = 16) inventions and discoveries. CONTENTS This educational article encourages anesthesiologists to appreciate events related to ...

One of the stellar achievements of twentieth century plant biology was the genetic transformation of somatic cells enabling the regeneration of whole plants that were stably transformed and capable of transmitting the inserted genetic material to subsequent generations. This achievement grew out of three independent lines of research initiated early in the twentieth century: plant tissue cultur...

Since the cognitive turn in metaphor studies late 1970s, has been seen as a phenomenon reflecting how we think, alongside its classic role powerful literary device. This ‘cognitive turn’ makes it possible to investigate two facets: one and linguistic one. In this tenet, notion of features intertwined parts: conceptual metaphors which resemble mental connections between different knowledge packe...

With the development of new experimental technologies, biologists are faced with an avalanche of data to be computationally analyzed for scientific advancements and discoveries to emerge. Faced with the complexity of analysis pipelines, the large number of computational tools, and the enormous amount of data to manage, there is compelling evidence that many if not most scientific discoveries wi...

Scientific workflows have become visible as a new method for scientists to develop and design complex and distributed scientific processes to enable and accelerate many scientific discoveries. Workflows are widely used in business for a long time. However, scientific workflows are emerging as an important technology for solving complex scientific problems and thereby contributing to scientific ...

Molecular Biology and Evolution (MBE) publishes research at the interface of molecular (including genomics) and evolutionary biology. The journal publishes manuscripts containing patterns, processes, and predictions at all levels of population, taxonomic, functional, and phenotypic organizations. In addition to fundamental discoveries of broad scope and impact, MBE publishes new and improved me...

The tempo and mode of human knowledge expansion is an enduring yet poorly understood topic. Through a temporal network analysis of three decades of discoveries of protein interactions and genetic interactions in baker's yeast, we show that the growth of scientific knowledge is exponential over time and that important subjects tend to be studied earlier. However, expansions of different domains ...