An observation of seasonal variations in underground muon rate, Rμ, has been performed at Soudan, MN, by the MINOS Far Detector. The four percent fluctuation seen over three years was highly correlated to the temperature variations of the upper atmosphere. The coefficient relating variations in temperature to variations in muon rate was found to be: αT = (T/Rμ)(∂Rμ/∂T ) = 0.87±0.03, which is ne...

In order to better control fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) attacking Cucurbitaceae on Reunion Island (21°6 S/ 55°36 E), biological characteristics (seasonal fluctuation, relative abundance, sex ratio) of communities roosting in corn borders were investigated. The study was conducted in austral summer across a range of altitudes (750-1150 m) corresponding to the main areas of cucurbit croppin...

Seasonal variation in circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels related to seasonal and inter-day fluctuation in sunlight ultraviolet irradiation, may lead to misjudgments concerning 25OHD status in individual workers around threshold levels. Here, to examine seasonal and inter-day variations in plasma 25OHD, we conducted a longitudinal study involving indoor daytime workers. Subjects were...

We consider optimal vaccination protocol where the vaccine is in short supply. In this case, the endemic state remains dynamically stable; disease extinction happens at random and requires a large fluctuation, which can come from the intrinsic randomness of the population dynamics. We show that vaccination can exponentially increase the disease extinction rate. For a time-periodic vaccination w...

abstract myzus persicae sulzer is one of the serious pests in potato fields which has the ability of transmitting several viruses to the potato crop. throughout summer of 2008, field studies were carried out in ardabil to evaluate the seasonal population fluctuation of this aphid on 10 potato cultivars: granola, satina, moren, aozonia, cosima, agria, cosmos, kondor, diamant and savalan. density...

With the rapid growth of domestic electric vehicle charging loads, the peak-valley gap and power fluctuation rate of power systems increase sharply, which can lead to the increase of network losses and energy efficiency reduction. This paper tries to regulate network loads and reduce power system transmission loss by optimizing domestic electric vehicle charging loads. In this paper, a domestic...