OBJECTIVES We wished to evaluate the effects of once-daily combination therapy on surrogate inflammatory markers. METHODS Fifteen patients with atopic persistent asthma were evaluated (mean age, 32.4 years; FEV(1), 75.2% predicted) in a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled crossover study with a 1-week placebo washout period, comparing the following once-daily nighttime ...

Lychee (Litchi chinensis) has been analyzed for cytokinins in buds before and after flower bud differentiation, using reversephase high performance liquid chromatography in combination with Amaranthus bioassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring. Four cytokinins, zeatin, zeatin riboside, N(6)-(delta(2)-isopentenyl)adenine, and N(6)-(delta(6)-isopentenyl) adenine rib...

Cells of the yeast S. cerevisiae choose bud sites in an axial or bipolar spatial pattern depending on their cell type. We have identifted a gene, BUDS, that resembles BUD1 and BUD2 in being required for both patterns; bud5mutants also exhibit random budding in all cell types. The BUD5 nucleotide sequence predicts a protein of 533 amino acids that has similarity to the S. cerevisiae CDC25 produc...

Water in dormant peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch. var. ;Harbrite') flower buds deep supercooled. Both supercooling and the freezing of water within the bud axis and primordium as distinct components depended on the viability of the bud axis tissue. The viability of the primordium was not critical. Supercooling was prevented by wounding buds with a dissecting needle, indicating that bud struct...

In Viticulture, visual inspection of the plant is a necessary task for measuring relevant variables. many cases, these inspections are susceptible to automation through computer vision methods. Bud detection one such task, central measurement important variables as: bud sunlight exposure, autonomous pruning, counting, type-of-bud classification, geometric characterization, internode length, are...

investigation into total phenolics and their spectrum in the buds and corms of saffron crocus and a study of polyphenol oxidase changes in the apical bud during different stages of growth and development showed that changes in the growth and development of the apical bud may be related to changes in the composition of phenolics in the corm. a sudden intense change in content and kind of phenoli...

Indole-3-acetic acid stimulates ethylene production in the nodal region of pea stems, and the gas inhibits bud growth. At all concentrations of IAA there is a close correlation between the intensity and duration of ethylene production and the bud inhibition which results. Kinetin reverses the inhibitory actions of ethylene and IAA on bud growth. It is concluded that auxins suppress bud developm...

Sugar has only recently been identified as a key player in triggering bud outgrowth, while hormonal control of bud outgrowth is already well established. To get a better understanding of sugar control, the present study investigated how sugar availability modulates the hormonal network during bud outgrowth in Rosa hybrida. Other plant models, for which mutants are available, were used when nece...

BACKGROUND To function in diverse cellular processes, the dynamic behavior of microtubules (MTs) must be differentially regulated within the cell. In budding yeast, the spindle position checkpoint (SPOC) inhibits mitotic exit in response to mispositioned spindles. To maintain SPOC-mediated anaphase arrest, astral MTs must maintain persistent interactions with and/or extend through the bud neck....

BACKGROUND Morbidity due to Buruli ulcer disease (BUD), a cutaneous infection caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, has been increasingly recognized in rural West Africa. The source and mode of transmission remain unknown. METHODS To identify BUD risk factors, we conducted a case-control study in 3 BUD-endemic districts in Ghana. We enrolled case patients with clinically diagnosed BUD and obtaine...