As my friend Dr. R. J. Maughan pointed out in his recent paper in the Journal (Maughan, Watson and Weir, 1984) any discussion of the effect of training on the relationship between the strength and the cross-sectional area of a muscle should take into account the effect of changing the angle of pennation of the muscle fibres. In his discussion Dr. Maughan refers to his finding that, in untrained...

STUDY DESIGN For this study, 43 asymptomatic individuals underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in both supine psoas-relaxed position and supine axial compression in extension. The change in dural cross-sectional area between positions at each disc level was calculated. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of axial loading on asymptomatic individuals, as compared with the effec...

Morphological characteristics of muscle fibers, such as fiber size, are critical factors that determine the health and function of the muscle. However, at this time, quantification of muscle fiber cross-sectional area is still a manual or, at best, a semiautomated process. This process is labor intensive, time consuming, and prone to errors, leading to high interobserver variability. We have de...

A noninvasive measurement of pharyngeal cross-sectional area (CSA) during sleep would be advantageous for research studies. We hypothesized that CSA could be calculated from the measured pharyngeal pressure and flow by finite element analysis (FEA). The retropalatal airway was visualized by using a fiber-optic scope to obtain the measured CSA (mCSA). Flow was measured with a pneumotachometer, a...

INTRODUCTION Although vastus medialis and lateralis are important determinants of patellofemoral joint function, their relationship with patellofemoral joint structure is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine potential determinants of vastus medialis and lateralis cross-sectional areas and the relationship between the cross-sectional area and patella cartilage and bone volumes. METHOD...

PURPOSE Previously, we demonstrated reduced Schlemm's canal cross-sectional area (SC-CSA) with increased perfusion pressure in a cadaveric flow model. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of acute IOP elevation on SC-CSA in living human eyes. METHODS The temporal limbus of 27 eyes of 14 healthy subjects (10 male, 4 female, age 36 ± 13 years) was imaged by spectral-doma...

BACKGROUND Office physicians are unable to measure hair quantity, hair loss, and hair growth in a simple and meaningful manner. One solution is to measure the cross-sectional area of a bundle of hair that is growing within a premeasured cross-section of scalp. OBJECTIVE The objective was to design a mechanical device that precisely measures the cross-sectional area of a bundle of hair and des...

This experiment was designed to study the relationship between the cross-sectional area of rat skeletal muscle showing glycogen loss and the muscle forces exerted during exercise. Muscular force exerted by the extensors of the elbows and ankle was increased by 24% by loading rats with 24% of their body mass while running them on a treadmill at 30 m.min-1. VO2 increased by 24% and stride frequen...

Introduction: Currently, neuroresearchers report that the median nerve shows severity-correlated intracarpal enlargement in idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) as a most common peripheral neuropathic disorder. The purpose of this paper was to investigate ultrasonography morphological findings in patients with idiopathic CTS and comparing some physical properties such as age, gender, BMI wit...